TIPOLOGI KONFORMITAS SOSIAL KELOMPOK PETANI KECIL DALAM MERESPON KEBIJAKAN PERTANIAN ORGANIK DI TASIKMALAYA JAWA BARAT
Abstrak
Kelompok petani skala kecil dalam pertanian organik biasanya dibentuk melalui ikatan erat antar anggota yang terlibat dalam kelompok regional tertentu. Kelompok tani ini dibentuk untuk memudahkan anggotanya dalam menaati peraturan yang berlaku dan peraturan baku yang diterapkan dalam pertanian organik. Tingkat kepatuhan kelompok tani dalam melaksanakan aturan berbeda tergantung oleh faktor sosiologis. Kajian ini berupaya mengungkap argumentasi di balik fakta bagaimana sekelompok petani skala kecil mampu mematuhi peraturan yang berlaku, sementara kelompok lain tidak mampu beradaptasi. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis tipologi pola kesesuaian kelompok tani padi organik perintis yang terdiri dari petani skala kecil dalam memenuhi standar tata kelola pertanian organik di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga jenis pola kesesuaian yang terjadi pada petani padi organik, yaitu: (1) kepatuhan penuh terhadap peraturan, (2) kepatuhan sebagian terhadap peraturan, (3) ketidakpatuhan terhadap peraturan dan ketentuan. Studi ini juga mengungkapkan beragamnya motivasi, kepentingan, dan pilihan rasional masing-masing petani yang mempengaruhi konformitas. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diketahui bahwa petani lokal memiliki kepatuhan yang berbeda terhadap aturan pertanian organik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kebijakan yang sesuai tipologi kelompok yang mengakomodasi keragaman dalam implementasi praktik pertanian organik. Salah satunya, kebijakan yang mampu mendukung penerapan pertanian organik yang berkelanjutan pada masyarakat lokal.
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