Comparative study of feline arterial thromboembolism treated with the combination of atenolol-clopidogrel and single clopidogrel
Abstract
Feline Arterial Thromboembolism (FATE) is one of the most devastating consequences of cardiac disease in cats, characterized by a thrombosis that leads to an obstruction in the blood vessel. This disease predominantly occurs with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) condition. The purpose of this case study is to corroborate the comparison of therapy between two FATE cases treated with a combination of atenolol and clopidogrel compared to clopidogrel only. Two cats were brought by the owner to the clinic with the same conditions including paraparesis, hypothermia, and pale hind paws. Physical examination revealed that both cats got hypothermic, had no femoral pulse, and pale hind legs. The blood test result showed an increase in lactate from the femoral vein and hyperkalemia in the body. Echocardiographic found HCM characterized by thickening of the left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septum. The first cat was given the combination of atenolol (beta-blocker) and clopidogrel (antiplatelet), with supportive medications such as analgesic, omega 3, and diuretic. On the other hand, the second cat was given the same exact medications, but without atenolol (beta-blocker). After 9 days of treatment and hospitalization, the first cat that was administered a combination of atenolol and clopidogrel died after got hypotension and dyspnea. While the second cat that was given single clopidogrel survived with good clinical conditions and recovered from the lameness
Downloads
References
Borgeat K, Wright J, Garrod O, Payne JR, Fuentes VL. 2014. Arterial thromboembolism in 250 cats in general practice: 2004–2012. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 28(1):102-108.
Busato F, Drigo M, Zoia A. 2022. Reduced risk of arterial throm-boembolism in cats with pleural effusion due to congestive heart failure. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 1098612X221094663.
Emmett M, Szerlip, H. 2014. Causes of lactic acidosis. UpToDate. Wolters Kluwer.
Harrison P, Keeling D. 2007. Clinical tests of platelet function. Platelets. 2: 445-466.
Koracevic G. 2011. Significance of “beta blocker rebound phe-nomenon” and new suggestions how to avoid it. In Proceedings of the World Medical Conference, WSEAS (26-28 September 2011, Prague, Czech Republic), Prague (pp. 79-84).
Mitropoulou A, Hassdenteufel E, Lin J, Bauer N, Wurtinger G, Vollmar C, Henrich E, Hildebrandt N, Schneider M. 2022. Retrospective evaluation of intravenous enoxaparin administration in feline arterial thromboembolism. Animals. 12(15):1977.
Rehman B, Sanchez DP, Shah S. 2021. Atenolol. National Library of Medicine. StatPearls Publishing.
Copyright (c) 2022 CC-BY-SA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
