GROWTH RATE, SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION AND PREVALENCE OF THE ENCRUSTING CYANOSPONGE (Terpios hoshinota) IN SERIBU ISLANDS, JAKARTA
Article Sidebar
Accepted
11 January 2021
Published
31 December 2020
Keywords:
-
coral mortality, cyanosponge, invasive, seasonal variation
Abstract
Terpios hoshinota is a cyanosponge encrusted on the substrate in coral reefs that may cause mass mortality on the infested corals. This research was conducted to investigate the magnitude of damage level of corals due to the T. hoshinota outbreaks by assessing its growth rate, spatiotemporal variation, and prevalence between two sites in Seribu Islands. Four-time observation (T0-T3) in over 18 months (2016-2017) was conducted to see the growth level of sponge using a permanently quadratic photo transect method of 5x5 m (250.000cm2). The total coverage area of sponge on study site in the T0 was 65.252cm2 and becomes 81.066cm2 in T3. The highest level occurred on T2 of 2.051cm2/months in Dapur Island (the closest to Jakarta) and 483cm2/months in the Belanda Island (the further site). The highest sponge growth rate occurred on T1-T2 during transitional season from rainy to dry. The lowest growth rate was observed on T3 during transitional season from dry to rainy. In general, prevalence percentage was higher in Belanda Island than in Dapur Island. This study showed a persistence invasion of encrusting T. hoshinota on coral reef ecosystem that may overcome the function and role of associated organisms.
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Estradivari, Idris, & M. Syahrir. 2009. Study of Structure of Hard Coral Communities to Thousands of 2005 & 2007. Foundation TERANGI, Jakarta. 102: 29-39 pp.
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Fonnegra, C.A., L. Castellanos, S. Zea, C. Duque, J. Rodrı´guez, & C. Jim’enez. 2008. Clionapyrrolidine A-A Metabolite from the Encrusting and Excavating Sponge Cliona tenuis that Kills Coral Tissue upon Contact. J. Chem Ecol., 34(12): 1565-1574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9565-5
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Giyanto & Soekarno. 1997. Comparison of coral reef communities at two depths and four different zones on the Thousand Islands, Jakarta. Oceanology and Limnology Bulletin in Indonesia. 30: 33-51 pp.
Gomez, E.D., P.M. Alino, H.T. Yap & W.Y. Licuanan. 1994. A review of the status of Philipine reefs. Marine Polution Bulletin, 29(1-3): 62-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(94)90427-8
Hadi, T.A., M. Abrar, Giyanto, B. Prayudha, O. Johan, A. Budiyanto, A.R. Dzumalek, L.A. Alifatri, S. Sulha, & Suharsono. 2020. The Status of Indonesian Coral Reefs 2019. Center for Oceanographic Research (LIPI). 89 p.
Hirose, E. & A. Murakami. 2011. Microscopic anatomy and pigment characterization of coral-encrusting black sponge with cyanobacterial symbiont, Terpios hoshinota. Zoological Science, 28: 199-205. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.28.199
Hoeksema, B.W., Z. Waheed, & N.J. de Voogd. 2014. Partial mortality in corals overgrown by the sponge Terpios hoshinota at Tioman Island, Peninsular Malaysia (South China Sea). Bulletin of Marine Science, 90(4): 989-990. http://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2014.1047
Hsu, C.M., J.T. Wang, & Chen. 2013. Larval release and rapid settlement of the coral-killing sponge, Terpios hoshinota, at Green Island. Taiwan. Marine Biodiversity, 43: 259-260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-013-0176-1
Johan, O. 2010. Cause, impact and management of coral disease on coral reefs ecosystem. Media Akuakultur, Indonesian. 5(2): 144-152. https://doi.org/10.15578/ma.5.2.2010.144-152
Liao, M.H., S.L. Tang, C.H. Hsu, K.C. Wen, W. Hanry, W.M. Chen, J.T. Wang, P.J. Meng, W.H. Twan, C.K. Lu, C.F. Dai, K. Soong, & C.A. Chen. 2007. The black disease of reef-building corals at Green Island, Taiwan-Outbreak of a Cyanobacteriosponge, Terpios hoshinota (Suberitidae; Hadromerida). Zoological studies, 46(4): 520. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/46.4/520.pdf
Lisanne, A.M.A. 2000. Dynamics behind standoff interactions in three reef sponge species and the coral Montastraea cavernosa. Marine Ecology, 21: 191-204. http://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0485.2000.00685.x
Madduppa, H., P.J. Schupp, M.R. Faisal, M.Y. Sastria, & C. Thoms. 2017. Persistent outbreaks of the “black disease” sponge Terpios hoshinota in Indonesian coral reefs. Marine Biodiversity, 47: 149-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0426-5
Montano, S., W.H. Chou, C.A. Chen, P. Galli, & J.D. Reimer. 2015. First record of the coral-killing sponge Terpios hoshinota in the Maldives and Indian Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science. 91: 97-98. http://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2014.1054
Mujiyani., D. Hidayanti, L. Rachmawati, Tonisoetopo, G.B. Aji, & R. Cahyadi. 2001. Small island management and community participation, case study in the Thousand Islands, DKI Jakarta. Population Research Center of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (PPK-LIPI 2001, Jakarta. 128 p. http://file.pksdmo.lipi.go.id/id023-a1e59-2650_307.pdf
Nozawa, Y., Y.S. Huang, & E. Hirose. 2016. Seasonality and lunar periodicity in the sexual reproduction of the coral-killing sponge, Terpios hoshinota. Coral Reefs, 35: 1071-1081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-016-1417-0
Pawlik, J.R., L. Steindler, T.P. Henkel, S. Beer, & M. Ilan. 2007. Chemical warfare on coral reefs: sponge metabolites differentially affect coral symbiosis in situ. Limnol Oceanography, 52(2): 907-911. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2007.52.2.0907
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Authors
NugrahaM. A., ZamaniN. P., & MadduppaH. H. (2020). GROWTH RATE, SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION AND PREVALENCE OF THE ENCRUSTING CYANOSPONGE (Terpios hoshinota) IN SERIBU ISLANDS, JAKARTA. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 12(3), 761-778. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i3.30885
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