Article Sidebar
Downloads
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract
Oil palm harvesting activity is mostly done by ‘human power’ manual handling, therefore the activity may cause work safety and health problems.This research is deal with anthropometry, motion study and
biomechanic to find out the risk of manual handling and to develop ergonomic assessment model of oil palm harvesting. This model was designed in the aims to find out better work motion, good procedure and better design of harvesting tool, so the manual harvesting can be done in more safe, efficient and productive. The formula for the appropriate distance between harvester’s position and the tree and the length of egrek show that oil palm harvesting for more than 16 m bunches’s height is not safe with ‘egrek’. Critical load for neck, shoulder and forearm are 21.85 N, 1091.96 N and 1634.31 N. Ergonomic risk assesment’s tool of oil palm
manual harvesting was designed with the parameter: appropriate distance (dt), the length of egrek (lp), critical range of motion (CRM) and critical load (CL) for neck, shoulder and forearm.
Keywords: biomechanic, ergonomic, motion study, manual harvesting, oil palm.
Abstrak
Pemanenan kelapa sawit secara manual berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan biomekanik, studi gerak dan antropometri untuk mendesain model diagnostik resiko ergonomi pada pemanenan kelapa sawit secara manual. Model ini didesain untuk menghasilkan gerak kerja pemanenan dan prosedur pemanenan yang lebih baik serta rekomendasi panjang egrek yang dibutuhkan sehingga kegiatan pemanenan dapat dilakukan secara aman, efektif dan produktif. Hasil simulasi pemanenan menghasilkan formulasi jarak aman dt (m) dan formulasi panjang egrek yang dibutuhkan lp (m). Berdasarkan formula tersebut, pemanenan kelapa sawit dengan tinggi target pohon lebih dari 16 m sudah tidak aman untuk dilakukan dengan menggunakan egrek. Batas beban (critical load) yaitu 21.85 N untuk otot leher, 1,091.96 N untuk otot deltoid bahu dan 1,634.31 N untuk otot branchioradialis lengan bawah. Model diagnostik resiko ergonomi pada pemanenan kelapa sawit telah dirancang dengan parameternya adalah jarak aman (dt), panjang batang egrek yang dibutuhkan (lp), critical range of motion (CRM) dan critical load (CL) pada leher, bahu dan lengan bawah.
Kata kunci: ergonomika, studi gerak, biomekanik, kelapa sawit, pemanenan.
Diterima: 28 Oktober 2014; Disetujui: 20 Januari 2015
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).