Penghambatan fraksi fukoidan rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum polycystum dan Turbinaria conoides) terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase The Inhibition of Fucoidan Fraction from Sargassum polycystum and Turbinaria conoides to α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase

Widya Puspantari, Feri Kusnandar, Hanifah Nuryani Lioe, Noer Laily

Abstract

Fukoidan merupakan polisakarida tersulfat dalam rumput laut cokelat yang memiliki aktivitas biologis, di antaranya sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kemampuan fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum polycystum dan Turbinaria conoides) sebagai antidiabetes, yaitu dalam menghambat aktivitas α-amilase dan α-glukosidase secara in vitro. Kemampuan penghambatan enzim dievaluasi dari ekstrak kasar fukoidan, hasil fraksinasi dengan membran ultrafiltrasi (10 dan 30 kDa), dan kromatografi filtrasi gel. Ekstrak kasar fukoidan (1 mg/mL) dari S. polycystum hasil ekstraksi asam, dan dari T. conoides hasil ekstraksi air menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase yang tertinggi. Fraksi dengan berat molekul >30 kDa hasil ultrafiltrasi ekstrak fukoidan dari S. polycystum dan T. conoides (pada konsentrasi 50 mg ekstrak/3,0 mL akuabides) menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan yang rendah terhadap α-amilase (16,88% dan 9,67%), tetapi tinggi terhadap α-glukosidase (99,06% dan 65,97%). Fraksinasi dengan kromatografi filtrasi gel menunjukkan adanya senyawa aktif dalam fraksi fukoidan yang memiliki aktivitas penghambatan yang tinggi terhadap α-glukosidase, yaitu fraksi dengan berat molekul 30-70 kDa untuk S. polycystum dan >70 kDa untuk T. conoides. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa fraksi fukoidan dari S. polycystum dan T. conoides memiliki kemampuan penghambatan terutama terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase, dan berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes.

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Authors

Widya Puspantari
Feri Kusnandar
fkusnandar@apps.ipb.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Hanifah Nuryani Lioe
Noer Laily
PuspantariW., KusnandarF., Nuryani LioeH., & LailyN. (2020). Penghambatan fraksi fukoidan rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum polycystum dan Turbinaria conoides) terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase: The Inhibition of Fucoidan Fraction from Sargassum polycystum and Turbinaria conoides to α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 23(1), 122-136. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v23i1.30925

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