Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan

Metabolit dan Profil Darah Ayam Akhir Periode Bertelur yang Disuplementasi Enzim Bromelin dalam Ransumnya

Herlan Rafis — 2023-12-26

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of bromelain enzyme supplementation in a late-laying period diet on blood metabolite and blood profile parameters. A total of 200 Isa Brown at late laying period hens, 85 weeks of age, were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments and fed for eight weeks. The bromelain enzyme was used at the level of 0% (control diet), 0.025%, 0.050%, and 0.075%. Each treatment was replicated five times. Experimental design data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test. Bromelain supplementation had a significant effect on the concentration of blood protein (p<0.01), reduced blood cholesterol (p<0.05), and increased concentration of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) (p<0.05). It is concluded that supplementation at dosages 0.05% and 0.075% of bromelain can improve the birds' immunity by increasing the IgY content in blood serum. supplementation at 0.05% reduces blood cholesterol and increases blood protein.

Key words: blood metabolite, blood profile, bromelain, IgY, late laying period

Fermentation Characteristics (In Vitro) of Palm Oil Trunk Waste as Feed for Lactating Dairy Cow

S Shilvia — 2023-12-26

This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of palm oil trunk waste utilization as a feed source for lactating dairy cows using an in vitro approach. This study used a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 3 groups. Treatment consisted of P0 (control diet), P1 (control diet supplemented with 12.5% palm oil trunk), P2 (control diet supplemented with 25% palm oil trunk), P3 (control diet with commercial concentrate). The parameters observed were rumen pH, NH₃ concentration, total VFA concentration, and in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility (IVDMD and IVOMD) coefficients. The findings of this study showed a significant 41.73% in NH₃ concentration, 24.96% in total VFA concentration, 10.47% in IVDMD, and 10.91% in IVOMD, upon introducing 25% palm oil trunk waste into the ration (p<0.05), except for rumen pH. It can be concluded that palm oil trunk waste can be used at a level of up to 25% in the diet of lactating dairy cows.

Keywords: digestibility, fermentation, in vitro, palm oil trunk, unconventional feed

Profil Lipid Darah dan Kolesterol Daging Kalkun yang Diberi Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes), Indigofera zollingeriana dan Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica) sebagai Hijauan

Ierera Frida Rahmadena — 2023-12-26

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes), Indigofera zollingeriana, dan kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica) dalam ransum kalkun terhadap profil lipid darah, persentase lemak abdomen, dan kolesterol daging kalkun (Meleagris gallopavo). Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 ekor kalkun jantan berumur 42 minggu dengan rataan bobot badan awal 4798±551,78 g. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Kalkun dibagi menjadi 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Ransum perlakuan terdiri dari 38% dedak, 35% ransum komersial, dan 27% hijauan (eceng gondok (R1), indigofera (R2), dan kangkung (R3)). Data konsumsi pakan, profil lipid darah, dan persentase lemak abdomen dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam kemudian dilakukan uji Duncan, sedangkan data kolesterol daging dianalisis secara deskriptif yang menggunakan tiga sampel komposit yang mewakili setiap perlakuan. Peubah yang diamati adalah profil lipid darah (kolesterol, trigliserida, HDL, LDL), kolesterol daging, dan persentase lemak abdomen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan terhadap profil lipid darah dan persentase lemak abdomen. Kandungan kolesterol daging kalkun yang diberi ransum mengandung eceng gondok, indigofera, dan kangkung masing-masing sebesar 527,36 mg kg^-1, 361,98 mg kg^-1, dan 538,18 mg kg^-1. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian eceng gondok, indigofera, dan kangkung dalam ransum kalkun menghasilkan profil lipid darah dan persentase lemak abdomen yang sama.

Utilisasi Probiotik Cair Asal Fermentasi Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler

Deva Latifa Sukiman — 2023-12-26

This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of liquid probiotics from black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) fermentation on broiler chickens' performance. A total of 250 male broilers strain Cobb CP 707 were given 5 treatments of probiotics in drinking water with 5 replications using a completely randomized design. The treatments in this study were P0=commercial broiler feed+drinking water without probiotics, P1=commercial broiler chicken feed+ drinking water with 1 mL L^-1 commercial probiotic, P2=commercial broiler chicken feed+water with 1 mL L^-1 probiotics from BSFL fermentation, P3=commercial boiler chicken feed+water with 3 mL L^-1 probiotics from BSFL fermentation, and P4=commercial broiler chicken feed+water with 5 mL L^-1 probiotics from BSFL fermentation. The results showed that BSFL fermentation probiotics were not significantly different on broiler chicken performance. Income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC) in addition to 5 mL L^-1in drinking water was more efficient in saving feed cost and the highest performance index during the broiler rearing. In conclusion, the utilization of BSFL fermentation probiotics in drinking water gave the same effect on broiler chicken performance as the other treatments yet the IOFCC and broiler chicken performance index were more advantageous.

Key words: black soldier fly larvae, broiler, performance, probiotics

Viabilitas Probiotik Asal Fermentasi Maggot (Hermetia illucens) terhadap Suhu dan Lama Waktu Penyimpanan

Selma Destiana Fitri — 2023-12-26

This study aimed to analyze the viability of probiotics from maggot fermentation under environmental influence i.e., temperature and storage time. The experimental design was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) using storage time and temperature as factors with 4 replications. The storage time was 3 months with monthly observations while the storage temperatures observed were 4°C, 28°C, 38°C and 48°C. The parameters were physical quality, microbial population, total titrated acid (TTA), and antimicrobial activity. The results showed that probiotics from maggot fermentation were dominated by lactic acid bacteria. The pH of probiotics increased and physical quality changes occured during storage. The yeast and actinomycete populations were not found during month 2 and month 3, respectively, while the population of Bacillus sp. decreased. There was an interaction between storage time and temperature on the population of lactic acid bacteria and TTA. Another interaction was found in the antimicrobial activity produced by probiotics/antibiotics and storage temperature in the third month of storage. Storage time and temperature influenced the physical quality of probiotics, the population of lactic acid bacteria and TTA, while the inhibition zone was influenced by the probiotic/antibiotic solution and storage temperature. It can be concluded that the highest viability of fermented maggot probiotics (LAB) was obtained in the 1st month at a temperature of 38℃.

Key words: maggot fermentation, probiotics, storage time, temperature, viability

Evaluasi Suplementasi Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) terhadap Performa, Kualitas Fisik, Vitamin A

maria dortiana sijung — 2023-12-26

This study aimed to evaluate the supplementation of moringa flour (Moringa oleifera L.) on the performance of KUB chickens as well as the physical quality, vitamin A and cholesterol of the eggs. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), with 4 treatments of moringa flour supplementation (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) and 6 replications. The measured variables were performance, physical quality, egg vitamin A content and egg cholesterol content. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested with Duncan's multiple range test. The rearing duration was 3 months, using a total of 96 24-week-old KUB chickens. The results showed that supplementation of moringa leaf flour up to 15% in feed had no significant effect on production performance or the vitamin A and cholesterol content of eggs, but it significantly increased the egg yolk color score. It can be concluded that the supplementation of 10% moringa leaf flour provides the lowest feed conversion and has higher income/income over feed cost values compared to the control.

Key words: cholesterols, KUB chicken, performance, physical quality, vitamin A

Analisis Pengaruh Suplementasi 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler dalam Kondisi Komersial di Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Dadan Mauluddin — 2023-12-26

A large-scale commercial production trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) on the growth performance of broilers. A total of 100,000 day-old mixed-sex Cobb 500 broilers were allocated equally to 20 farms with 5000 broilers each. Two experimental diets were prepared: 1) Control diet [(3000 IU D3 kg diet-1 + 2760 IU D3 kg diet-1) = total 5760 IU D3 kg diet-1] and 2) Experimental diet [(3000 IU D3 kg diet-1 + 69 mcg 25(OH)D3 kg diet-1 = 2760 IU D3 equivalent kg diet-1) = total 5760 IU D3 kg diet-1]. The design used a randomized block design with Multivariate Analysis of Covariance analysis method The results showed that broilers chickens fed supplemental 25(OH)D3 significantly gained faster, more efficient feed conversion and lower mortality rate from 0 to 14 days when compared to those fed without 25(OH)D3 supplementation. Moreover, the relative growth on the diet supplemented with 25(OH)D3 at 7 days was significantly (p<0.05) greater than that without supplementation. At 14 days to harvest, growth parameters including the Production Efficiency Index of broilers supplemented with 25(OH)D3 were 3-4% better than that of the control diet. Significantly lower mortality rates (p<0.05) were observed in broilers fed 25(OH)D3-supplemented diets compared to unsupplemented diets. It can be concluded of this study demonstrated the positive impact of supplemental 25(OH)D3 on broilers raised under commercial conditions in West Java, Indonesia.

Key words: broiler performance, commercial condition, mortality, 25 hydroxycholecalciferol

Kualitas Pupuk Organik Feses Ternak Kombinasi Limbah Buah Untuk Mendukung Pertumbuhan Rumput Gajah

Rika Lestari — 2023-12-30

This research was conducted to determine the nutrient content of organic fertilizers (livestock feces combined with fruit waste) and its application to elephant grass. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. P0 = elephant grass (control), P1 = elephant grass + (rabbit faeces and fruits waste (RFAWF) 200g/polybag, P2 = elephant grass + goat feces and (fruits waste) 200g/polybag, P3 = elephant grass + cow feces and fruits waste 200g/polybag dan P4 = elephant grass + buffalo feces and fruits waste 200g/polybag. The research results showed that nutrient content of organic fertilizer (pH, C-organic, total N, P₂O₅, K₂O, moisture content) was in accordance with SNI for rabbit feces and cow feces. The fresh weight and dry weight of elephant grass biomass was not significantly affected by treatment. Organic fertilizers containing animal feces and fruit waste mixture effectively increases biomass production compared to control. It was concluded that the best combination of fertilizer is resulted from goat feces and mixture of fruit waste (banana peel, pineapple peel and papaya peel) is compared to other feces.

Key words: C/N ratio, elephant grass, fruits waste, organic fertilizer

Suplementasi Bacillus subtilis terhadap Produktivitas Ayam Petelur Skala Komersial

Andi Yekti Widodo — 2023-12-31

This study, the impact of Bacillus subtilis probiotics on the productivity and faecal microbial variable of commercial laying hens in Indonesia was investigated. A total of 100,296 laying hens aged 18 weeks in a close house system were randomly allocated into two treatments with four replications per treatments. The applied treatments were T0 (control) and T1 (feed with probiotics). The experiment involved feeding laying hens with/without Bacillus subtilis strains 747 and 1781 (bacterial load of 1.5x10⁸ cfu/kg feed, strain ratio of 1:1), collecting data on egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, and depletion from 20 to 26 weeks. Those variable were also observed from 18 to 19 weeks as pre-treatment data. Faecal samples were collected at 26 weeks for analysis of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and lactic acid bacteria levels. The results revealed that administering Bacillus subtilis strains 1781 and 747 significantly increased daily egg production by 7.9% and reduced daily depletion by 65% at the end of the treatment phase. However, probiotic supplementation did not affect daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, or the levels of E. coli, C. perfringens, and lactic acid bacteria in the hens' faeces. These findings demonstrate the potential and feasibility of Bacillus subtilis strains 1781 and 747 in improving the productivity and health of laying hens of commercial-scale production. This information is valuable for the poultry industry in optimizing production practices.

Key words: AGP, Bacillus subtilis, laying hen, probiotic, productivity

Adequacy of micromineral content (Fe, Zn, Cu) of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as beef cattle feed in Merapi volcanic slopes of Magelang Regency, Indonesia

L Hartati — 2023-12-31

A study was conducted to assess the micromineral content of Pennisetum purpureum, commonly known as Napier grass, in the Magelang Regency of Central Java, Indonesia. Three different topographical areas, namely flat, undulated, and sloping, were considered for the study. Samples of Napier grass were collected from each area, with a total of 20 samples taken from each area. The samples were then subjected to various processing techniques, including fresh weight measurement, chopping, sun-drying, oven-drying, and milling. The mineral content of the samples was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results revealed that the mineral content of Zn and Cu in Napier grass varied significantly across the three topographical areas (p<0.05), with average values of 40.34 and 11.56 ppm, 33.44 and 10.75 ppm, and 40.38 and 13.43 ppm for flat, undulated, and sloping areas, respectively. The Fe content, on the other hand, was found to be not significantly different across the areas, with an average of 377.90 ppm. These findings suggest that the use of Napier grass as a basal feed for beef cattle, with a dry matter requirement of 7.56 kg day^-1 and a proportion of Napier grass of 7.13 kg DM day^-1, would provide sufficient micro minerals, including Fe, Cu, and Zn, for the cattle in the three topographical areas.

Key words: mineral, napier grass, topography