THE EFFECTS OF ADSORBENT MATERIALS ON THE LIPID QUALITY OF LEMURU FISH OIL AND THE ENRICHMENT OF OMEGA-3 USING LIPASE
Article Sidebar
Accepted
27 November 2020
Published
1 July 2021
Keywords:
-
activated carbon, adsorbent, bentonite, lemuru fish oil, purification
Abstract
Sardinella (lemuru) is a genus of fish that is widespread in the East Java Sea region, especially in Muncar, Banyuwangi in East Java Province, Indonesia. Marine fishes are rich in essential fatty acids, including omega-3. This study aims to improve the quality of lemuru fish oil through the use of adsorbent materials such as bentonite and activated carbon. The sample was analyzed to determine its free fatty acid (FFA) content and peroxide value (PV) using the titrimetric method. The clarity of the oil was determined using the spectrophotometric method (λ 440 nm). The omega 3 content from the fish oil sample was then enriched through enzymatic reactions using lipase. Enzymatic reactions were carried out for 5, 10, 15, 20, 35, and 47 hours with a lipase concentration of 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 units respectively. The omega-3 content of the fish oil products was analyzed using the GC-FID method. The results show that the addition of 3% activated carbon and bentonite in the fish oil reduced the FFA and PV results. Moreover, the absorbance value at λ 440 nm was also reduced from 0.883 to 0.559. The highest content of omega-3 was obtained through hydrolysis with lipase at a concentration of 1000 units for 35 hours with alpha-methyl linolenate (ALA), methyl all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentanoate (EPA) and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosa-hexaenoic acid methyl ester (DHA) at 0.78, 1.06, and 0.29% respectively.
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Ghani AF. 2014. Purification of Sardinian Fish Oil (Sardinella sp.) Using Active Charcoal and Bleaching Earth [Skripsi] Bogor: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultu-ral Institute.
Harris W, Tintle N, Etherton M, Vasan R. 2018. Erythrocyte long-chain omega-3 fatty acid levels are inversely associated with mortality and with incident cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study. J Clin Lipidol 12: 718-727. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.02.010.
Haryati K, Suseno SH, Nurjanah. 2017. Minyak ikan sardin hasil sentrifugasi dan adsorben untuk emulsi. J Pengolah Hasil Perikan Indones 20: 84-94. DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v20i1.16437.
Hong MY, Lumibao J, Mistry P, Saleh R, Hoh E. 2015. Fish oil contaminated with persistent organic pollutants reduces antioxidant capacity and induces oxidative stress without affecting its capacity to lower lipid concentrations and systemic inflammation in rats. J Nutr 145: 939-944. DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.206607 .
Hu Y, Hu FB, Manson JE. 2019. Marine omega‐3 supplementation and cardiovascular disease: an updated meta‐analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials involving 127 477 participants. J Am Heart Assoc 8: 1-6. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA. 119.013543.
[IFOS] International Fish Oil Standard. 2014. Fish Oil Purity Standars. www.Omegavia.com/best [August 3rd 2018].
Jo S-H, Han SH, Kim S-H, Eckel RH, Koh KK. 2021. Cardiovascular effects of omega-3 fatty acids: Hope or hype?. Atherosclerosis 322: 15-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.02.014.
Jump DB, Depner CM, Tripathy S. 2012. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and cardiovascular disease. J Lipid Res 53: 2525-2545. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.R027904.
Ketaren S. 2012. Pengantar Teknologi Minyak dan Lemak Pangan. 1-7. UI Press, Depok.
Kolanowski W. 2010. Omega-3 LC PUFA contents and oxidative stability of encapsulated fish oil dietary supplements. Int J Food Prop 13: 498-511. DOI: 10.1080/10942910802652222
Kones R, Rumana U. 2017. Omega-3 polyunsa-turated fatty acids: New evidence supports cardiovascular benefits. J Public Health Emerg 1: 1-4. DOI: 10.21037/jphe.2017.03.04.
Kralovec J A, Zhang S, Zhang W, Barrow CJ. 2012. A review of the progress in enzymatic con-centration and microencapsulation of omega-3 rich oil from fish and microbial sources. Food Chem 131: 639-644. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem. 2011.08.085.
Kromhout D, Yasuda S, Geleijnse JM, Shimokawa H. 2012. Fish oil and omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease: Do they really work?. Eur Heart J 33: 436-443. DOI: 10.1093/eur heartj/ehr362.
Lombardi M, Carbone S, Buono MG, Chiabrando JG, Vescovo GM, Camili M, Montone RA, Vergallo R, Abbate A, Zoccai G, Dixon D, Crea F. 2021. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and risk of atrial fibrillation: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacot 8: 1-2. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvab008.
Maes J, Meulenaer B, Heerswynghels P, Greyt W, Eppe G, Pauw E, Huyghebaert A. 2005. Re-moval of dioxins and PCB from fish oil by acti-vated carbon and its influence on the nutritional quality of the oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 82: 593-597. DOI: 10.1007/s11746-005-1114-1.
Maki KC, Palacios OM, Bell M, Toth PP. 2017. Use of supplemental long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk for cardiac death: An updated meta-analysis and review of research gaps. J Clin Lipidol 11: 1152-1160. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl. 2017.07.010.
Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee I-M, Christen W, Bassuk SS, Mora S, Buring JE. 2018. Marine n−3 fatty acids and prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. N Engl J Med 380: 23-32. DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1811403.
Minihane AM. 2013. Fish oil omega-3 fatty acids and cardio-metabolic health, alone or with statins. Eur J Clin Nutr 67: 536-540. DOI: 10.1038/ ejcn.2013.19.
Miskah S, Aprianti T, Agustien M, Utama Y, Said M. 2019. Purification of used cooking oil using activated carbon adsorbent from durian peel. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 396: 1-7. The 2nd International Conference on Smart City Innovation, October 9th 2019, Semarang, Indonesia.
Mohebi NA, Bikdeli B. 2014. Omega-3 supplement and cardiovaskuler diseases. Tanaffos 13: 6-14.
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Authors
RosmalinaR. T., KosasihW., & PriatniS. (2021). THE EFFECTS OF ADSORBENT MATERIALS ON THE LIPID QUALITY OF LEMURU FISH OIL AND THE ENRICHMENT OF OMEGA-3 USING LIPASE. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan, 32(1), 16-26. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2021.32.1.16
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