KAJIAN POPULASI DAN STRUKTUR KOMPOSISI VEGETASI HABITAT BUNGA BANGKAI (Amorphophallus titanum [Becc.] Becc. Ex Arcang) DI KAWASAN HUTAN BENGKULU

wahyudi arianto

Abstract

Abstract. The knowledge on structure and composition of Titan Arum habitats in lowland tropical rain forests of Bengkulu limit the option to formulate the appropriate strategy for conservation. The research was carried out with objective to determine the structure and composition of vegetation in the habitats located in Bengkulu.  This study used  purposively sampled plot with a size of 100 m x 100 m consisting of sub-plot  of  20m x 20m,  10 m x 10 m, 5 m x 5 m and 2 m x 2 m for observing tree, pole, sapling and seedling. Data were analyzed to generate the following parameters: important value index (IV), diversity index of Shannon-Wienner and evenness index, interspecific association and resemblance function.  The results showed that the total number of Titan Arum individuals found across 3 sampled forest sites were 52 individuals, consisting of 49 individuals at vegetative phase and 3 individuals at generative phase. Titan Arum habitats consisted of 417 species belonging to 103 families of various growth stages.  Habitat in Air Selimang was dominated by Artocarpus elasticus with an important value index of 12.09%, while in Tebat Monok and Palak Siring were by Quercus oidocarpa with IV of  22.22% and Elatoriospermum tapos with IV of 31.40%, respectively.  Values of diversity indices (H’) of vegetation  for Titan Arum habitats for each growth stages were nearly steady (2.75 – 4.50). A similar steady trend was also observed  for  evenness index values of 0.640 – 0.982 at each growth stages. The vegetation of Titan Arum in Air Selimang and Tebat Monok revelaed positive interspecific association for all species, whereas in the Palak Siring habitat showed independence of  species. Air Selimang Vegetation has the greatest resemblance to Tebat Monok with similarity index of 62.26.  .

References

[1] Arianto,W., Deselina., Y.Ridwan., 1999. Keanekaragaman spesies-spesies bunga bangkai (Amorphophallus Bl) dan pola distribusinya di Provinsi Bengkulu. Direktorat Pem-binaan Penelitian dan Pengapdian Pada Masyarakat Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi.Departemen Pen-didikan dan Kebudayaan.
[2] Barbour, M.G., J.H.Burk., W.D.Pitts , 1987. Terrestrial plant ecology. Menlo Park , CA (AS) :The Benja-min/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.
[3] Barthlott, W., W.Lobin ., 1998. Amorphophallus titanum. Akademie Der Wissenchaften Ind Der Literatur.
[4] Barthlott ,W., J. Szarzynski., P.Vlek., W.Lobin., N.Korotkova., 2009. A Torch in the rain forest : thermo-genesis of Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanum). Plant Biol. 11(4) pp. 499-505. doi : 10.11111/J.1438-8677.
[5] Bown, D., 1988. Aroids. Plants of The Arun Family. Lon-don.Century.
[6] Claudel,C., R.D.Mangelsdorff ., W.L.A.Hetterscheid., 2012. The first successful hybrid of Amorphophallus tita-num.Aroideana 35,pp.81-85.
[7] Fujioka, K., M.Shirasu ., Y.Manome ., N.Ito ., S.Kakishima .,T.Minami ., T.Tominaga ., F.Shimozono ., T.Iwamoto ., K.Ikeda ., K.Yamamoto ., J.Murata ., and Y.Tomizawa ., 2012. Objective Display ang Discrimina-tion of floral from Amorphophallus titanum. bloomed on different dates and at different location. using an electronic nose. Sensor 12,pp. 2152-2161. doi:3390/s12022152.
[8] Gandawijaja,D., S.Idris ., R.Nasution ., L.P.Nyman ., J.Ardititi ., 1983. Amorphophallus titanum Becc : Histori-cal Review and Some Recent Observation. Am.Bot 51, pp.269-278.
[9] Giordano, C., 1999. Karyological and Palynological Obser-vation on Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. Ex Ar-cangeli. Caryologia International Journal of Cytology. Cy-tosystematic and Cytogenic 52 (n 1-1),pp.65-73.
[10] Graham, C., J.T.Hadiah ., 2004. Amorphophallus titanum Becc. Eksplorasi 4(2),pp. 12-15.
[11] Hejnowicz, Z., W.Barthlott ., 2005.Structural and mechani-cal peculiarities of the petioles of giant leaves of Amor-phophallus (Araceae).American Journal of Botany 92(3),pp.391-403.
[12] Hetterscheid, W.L.A., S.Ittenbach ., 1996. Everything you always wanted to know about Amorphophallus. but were afraid to stick your nose into. Aroideana 19,pp. 7–131.
[13] Hidayat, S., Yuzammi., 2008. Kajian populasi alami bunga bangkai (Amorhophallus titanum (Becc.)Becc : Studi Ka-sus Di kawasan Hutan Bengkulu. Buletin Kebun Raya In-donesia 11(1),pp. 9-15.
[14] Hutchinson, G.E., 1953. The concept of Pattern in ecology. Proceedings Academy Natural Science. Philadelphia,PA.
[15] Irawati., 2011. Micropropagation of Amorphophallus tita-num Becc. (Araceae). Buletin Kebun Raya14 (1),pp.29-36.
[16] Kartawinata, K., Purwaningsih., T.Partomihardjo ., R.Yusuf ., R.Abdulhadi ., S.Riswan .,2008. Floristic and Structure of A Lowland Dipterocarp Forest at Wanariset Samboja, East Kalimantan. Reinwardtia 12, pp. 301-323.
[17] Kementerian Kehutanan. 2014. Statistik Kementerian Kehu-tanan Tahun 2013. Kementerian Kehutanan
[18] Ludwig, J.A., J.F.Reynolds ., 1988. Statistical Ecology. A Primer on Methods and Computing. Canada (CA).John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
[19] Latifah, D., R.S.Purwantoro ., 2015. Seed germination of the corpse giant flower Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.)Becc ex Arcang: The influence of testa [Perkecam-bahan biji bunga bangkai Raksasa Amorphophallus tita-num (Becc.)Becc ex Arcang:Pengarus testa.Berita Biolo-gi14 (1), pp.39-47.
[20] Lobin, W., N.Neumann ., M.Radscheit ., W.Barthlott ., 2007. Cultivation of Titan Arum (Amorphophallus tita-num)- A Flag ship Species For Botanic Gardens.Sibbaldia The Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture 5, pp. 69-86.
[21] Magurran, A. E., 1988. Ecological Diversity and Its Meas-urement. Princeton (AS). Princeton University Press.
[22] Mcnaughton, S.J., L.L.Wolf ., 1990. Ekologi Umum. Edisi ke-2. Pringoseputro S. Srigandono B. penerjemah, Soedar-sono. editor.Yogyakarta (ID). Gadjah Mada University Press. Terjemahan dari: General Ecology. Second edition.
[23] Mueller-Dombois, D., H.Ellenberg .,1974. Aims and Meth-ods of Vegetation Ecology. New York (AS).John Wiley & Sons.
[24] Poerba, Y.S., Yuzammi., 2008. Pendugaan keragaman Genetik Amorphophallus titanum Becc. Berdasarkan Mar-ka Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Biodiversitas 9 (2),pp.103-107.
[25] Poonswad, P., A.Kemp ., M.Strange ., 2013. Hornbills of The World A Photographic Guide. Draco Publishing and Distribution Pte.Ltd and Hornbill Research Foundation.
[26] Poonswad, P (Edited)., 1998. The Asian Hornbills: Ecolo-gy and Conservation. Biodiversity Research and Training Program National Center for Genetic Engineering and Bio-technologi
[27] Purwantoro, R.S., D.Latifah ., 2013. Ex situ conservation of Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc: Propagation by leaf Cuttings. Internationa Conference on Global Resource Conservation & 10th Indonesian Society for Plant Taxon-omy Congress Brawijawa University.
[28] Proctor, J., J.M.Anderson ., P.Chai ., H.W.Vallack,. 1983. Ecological studies in four constrasting rain forest in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak.I.Forest Environ-mental. Structure and Floristic. J. Ecol 71,pp.237-60.
[29] Romersburg, H.C., 1984. Cluster Analysis for Researchers. Belmont (CA). Lifetime Learning Publication.
[30] Sholihin, R., R.S.Purwantoro .,2005. Pertumbuhan Vege-tatif pada Amorphophallus titanum (Becc) Becc di Kebun Cibodas. Biodiversitas 6(3),pp.190-193.
[31] Whitmore, T.C.,K.Sidiyasa .,1986. Composition and Struc-ture of Lowland Rain Forest at Torout Northen Sulawesi. Kew Bulletin 41,pp. 747-756.
[32] Whitten, T., S.J.Damanik ., J.Anwar ., N.Hisyam ., 2000. Ecology of Sumatra. Hongkong (HK) Published by Periplus Edition (HK) Ltd.
[33] Yuzammi., A.Kurniawan ., N.P.S.Asih .,I.Erlinawati .,Hetterscheid.,2017. The Amor-phophallus of Indonesia. Bogor (ID). Center for Plant Con-servation-Botanic Gardens. Indonesia Institute of Science (LIPI).

Authors

wahyudi arianto
Warianto@unib.ac.id (Primary Contact)
arianto wahyudi (2019) “KAJIAN POPULASI DAN STRUKTUR KOMPOSISI VEGETASI HABITAT BUNGA BANGKAI (Amorphophallus titanum [Becc.] Becc. Ex Arcang) DI KAWASAN HUTAN BENGKULU”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 9(2), pp. 241-257. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.2.241-257.

Article Details