Integrasi Sentrifugasi Suhu Rendah dengan Optimasi Ekstraksi Enzimatis Minyak Mata Tuna menggunakan Response Surface Methodology Integration of Low Temperature Centrifugation with Optimization of Tuna Eye Oil Enzymatic Extraction Using Response Surface Methodology
Article Sidebar
Accepted
29 December 2021
Published
3 January 2022
Keywords:
-
enzymatic hydrolysis, omega-3 fatty acid, response surface mthodology, stunting, tuna's eye
Abstract
Tuna eye oil which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid can be obtained by low temperature extraction however the yield was not optimum yet. The yield value of tuna eye oil can be increased with enzymatic hydrolysis. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) can help analyze the effect of factors on the response to optimize the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis. The purpose of this study was to maximization of oil yield, determine the optimum conditions for enzymatic extraction of tuna eye oil with different papain enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time using central composite design-face centered (CCDFC) modeling on RSM and determination of oil characteristics. The validation optimum of the enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in a yield value of 11.24±0.09% at the concentration of 1.02% papain enzyme for 3 hours. The EPA and DHA content of tuna eye oil at the optimum condition was classified as very high, 6.02% EPA and 30.30% DHA from 99.90% of the total identified fatty acids.
References
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 1975. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Agricultural Chemists, 12th edition. Washington (US): AOAC Int.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Analytical Chemist. Washington (US): AOAC Int.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Agricultural Chemists, 17th edition. Washington (US): AOAC Int.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 2005. Official Method of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Virginia (US): Published by The Association of Analytical Chemist, inc.
[AOCS] American Oil Chemists Society. 1998. Free Fatty Acids in: Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists Society. Vol. 5a. 5th ed. Champaign (US): AOCS Press.
Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology. 37(8):911-917. DOI: 10.1139/y59-099.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2011. SNI 2354.5: 2011. Cara Uji Kimia- Bagian 5: Penentuan Kadar Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2013. SNI 2729:2013: Ikan Segar. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2015. SNI 2346:2015. Pedoman Pengujian Sensori pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2016. SNI 2354.6:2016. Cara Uji Kimia - Bagian 6: Penentuan Kadar Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2017. SNI 2354.15:2017. Cara Uji Kimia - Bagian 15: Penentuan Arsen (As) Total Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[CAC] Codex Alimentarius Commission. 1995. Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed CODEX STAN 193-1995. Roma (IT): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
[CAC] Codex Alimentarius Commission. 2017. Standard for Fish Oils CSX 329-2017. Roma (IT): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Carvajal AK, Mozuraityte R. 2016. Fish oils: production and properties. Encyclopedia of Food and Health. 693-698.
Damodaran S, Parkin KL. 2017. Fennema’s Food Chemistry Fifth Edition. Florida (US): CRC Press of Taylor and Francis Group.
Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 226(1):497-509.
Iberahim NI, Hamzah Z, Yin YJ, Sohaimi KSA. 2018. Extraction and Characterization of Omega-3 Fatty Acid from Catfish Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technique. MATEC Web of Conferences. 187:1-7.
Iberahim NI, Izzati N, Hann YC, Hamzah Z, Sohaimi KSA. 2020. Extraction of omega-3 fatty acid from jade perch (Scortum barcoo) using enzymatic hydrolysis technique. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry. 20(2):282–291.
Kaushik P, Dowling K, Barrow CJ, Adhikari B. 2015. Microencapsulation of omega-3 fatty acids: a review of microencapsulation and characterization methods. Journal of Functional Foods. 19:868–881.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. 2017. Laporan Kinerja Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan.
Liu Y, Ramakrishnan VV, Dave D. 2020. Enzymatic hydrolysis of farmed Atlantic salmon by-products: investigation of operational parameters on extracted oil yield and quality. Journal of Process Biochemistry. 100:10–19.
Liu Y, Ramakrishnan VV, Dave D. 2020. Lipid class and fatty acid composition of oil extracted from atlantic salmon by-product under different optimization parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 30:1-14.
Mahesar SA, Sherazi STH, Khaskheli AR, Kandhro AA, Uddin S. 2014. Analytical approaches for the assessment of free fatty acids in oils and fats. Journal of Analytical Methods. 6(14):4956–4963.
Mbatia B, Adlercreutz D, Adlercreutz P, Mahadhy A, Mulaa F, Mattiasson B. 2010. Enzymatic oil extraction and positional analysis of ω-3 fatty acids in Nile perch and salmon heads. Journal of Process Biochemistry. 45(5):815–819.
Mohanty BP, et al. 2016. DHA and EPA content and fatty acid profile of 39 food fishes from india. Biomed Research International. 1-14.
Murado MA, Montemayor MI, Cabo ML, Vázquez JA, González MP. 2012. Optimization of extraction and purification process of hyaluronic acid from fish eyeball. Journal of Food and Bioproducts Processing. 90(3):491–498.
Qi-Yuan L, Jun-Qing Q, Xiao-Ge W. 2016. Optimization of enzymatic fish oil extraction from mackerel viscera by response surface methodology. International Food Research Journal. 23(3):992–997.
Ramakrishnan VV, Ghaly AE, Brooks MS, Budge SM. 2013. Extraction of Oil from mackerel fish processing waste using alcalase enzyme. Journal of Enzyme Engineering. 02(2):1-13.
Renuka V, Anandan R, Suseela M, Ravishankar CN, Sivaraman GK. 2016. Fatty acid profile of yellowfin tuna eye (Thunnus albacares) and oil sardine muscle (Sardinella longiceps). Journal of Fishery Technology. 53(2):151–154.
Riyanto B. 2013. Potensi Besar Hasil Samping Tuna. Seafood Update Magazine. ed 1: 22-26.
Rubio-Rodríguez N, De Diego SM, Beltrán S, Jaime I, Sanz MT, Rovira J. 2012. Supercritical fluid extraction of fish oil from fish by-products: a comparison with other extraction methods. Journal of Food Engineering. 109(2):238–248.
Rustad T. 2010. Lipid Oxidation. Ed. Nollet LML, Toldra F. Handbook of Seafood and Seafood Products Analysis. Florida (US): CRC Press of Taylor and Francis Group.
Sullivan JC, Budge SM. 2010. Monitoring fish oil volatiles to assess the quality of fish oil. Journal of Lipid Technology. 22(10):230–232.
Trilaksani W, Santoso J, Riyanto B, Ramadhan W, Rieuwpassa FJ. 2014. Fatty acid and amino acid profile of fat and fish roe protein concentrate recovered from skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) roes. MBRIO Conference. Bogor Agricultural University.
Trilaksani W, Riyanto B, Azzahra F, Santoso J, Tarman K. 2020. Recovery of tuna virgin fish oil and formulation as a product model of emulsion food supplement. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 414(1):1-4.
Trilaksani W, Riyanto B, Syifa AL. 2020. Extraction and microencapsulation of tuna virgin fish oil with mangrove fruit extract fortified into extrusion cereals. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 420(1):1-4.
Van-Leeuwen EM, Emri E, Merle BMJ, Colijn JM, Kersten E, Cougnard-Gregoire A, Dammeier S, Meester-Smoor M, Pool FM, de-Jong EK, Delcourt C, Rodrigez-Bocanegra E, Biarnés M, Luthert PJ, Ueffing M, Klaver CCW, Nogoceke E, den-Hollander AI, Lengyel I. 2018. A new perspective on lipid research in age-related macular degeneration. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 67(1):56–86.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Analytical Chemist. Washington (US): AOAC Int.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Agricultural Chemists, 17th edition. Washington (US): AOAC Int.
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 2005. Official Method of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Virginia (US): Published by The Association of Analytical Chemist, inc.
[AOCS] American Oil Chemists Society. 1998. Free Fatty Acids in: Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists Society. Vol. 5a. 5th ed. Champaign (US): AOCS Press.
Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology. 37(8):911-917. DOI: 10.1139/y59-099.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2011. SNI 2354.5: 2011. Cara Uji Kimia- Bagian 5: Penentuan Kadar Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2013. SNI 2729:2013: Ikan Segar. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2015. SNI 2346:2015. Pedoman Pengujian Sensori pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2016. SNI 2354.6:2016. Cara Uji Kimia - Bagian 6: Penentuan Kadar Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2017. SNI 2354.15:2017. Cara Uji Kimia - Bagian 15: Penentuan Arsen (As) Total Pada Produk Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Standarisasi Nasional.
[CAC] Codex Alimentarius Commission. 1995. Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed CODEX STAN 193-1995. Roma (IT): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
[CAC] Codex Alimentarius Commission. 2017. Standard for Fish Oils CSX 329-2017. Roma (IT): Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Carvajal AK, Mozuraityte R. 2016. Fish oils: production and properties. Encyclopedia of Food and Health. 693-698.
Damodaran S, Parkin KL. 2017. Fennema’s Food Chemistry Fifth Edition. Florida (US): CRC Press of Taylor and Francis Group.
Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 226(1):497-509.
Iberahim NI, Hamzah Z, Yin YJ, Sohaimi KSA. 2018. Extraction and Characterization of Omega-3 Fatty Acid from Catfish Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technique. MATEC Web of Conferences. 187:1-7.
Iberahim NI, Izzati N, Hann YC, Hamzah Z, Sohaimi KSA. 2020. Extraction of omega-3 fatty acid from jade perch (Scortum barcoo) using enzymatic hydrolysis technique. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry. 20(2):282–291.
Kaushik P, Dowling K, Barrow CJ, Adhikari B. 2015. Microencapsulation of omega-3 fatty acids: a review of microencapsulation and characterization methods. Journal of Functional Foods. 19:868–881.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. 2017. Laporan Kinerja Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta (ID): Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan.
Liu Y, Ramakrishnan VV, Dave D. 2020. Enzymatic hydrolysis of farmed Atlantic salmon by-products: investigation of operational parameters on extracted oil yield and quality. Journal of Process Biochemistry. 100:10–19.
Liu Y, Ramakrishnan VV, Dave D. 2020. Lipid class and fatty acid composition of oil extracted from atlantic salmon by-product under different optimization parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 30:1-14.
Mahesar SA, Sherazi STH, Khaskheli AR, Kandhro AA, Uddin S. 2014. Analytical approaches for the assessment of free fatty acids in oils and fats. Journal of Analytical Methods. 6(14):4956–4963.
Mbatia B, Adlercreutz D, Adlercreutz P, Mahadhy A, Mulaa F, Mattiasson B. 2010. Enzymatic oil extraction and positional analysis of ω-3 fatty acids in Nile perch and salmon heads. Journal of Process Biochemistry. 45(5):815–819.
Mohanty BP, et al. 2016. DHA and EPA content and fatty acid profile of 39 food fishes from india. Biomed Research International. 1-14.
Murado MA, Montemayor MI, Cabo ML, Vázquez JA, González MP. 2012. Optimization of extraction and purification process of hyaluronic acid from fish eyeball. Journal of Food and Bioproducts Processing. 90(3):491–498.
Qi-Yuan L, Jun-Qing Q, Xiao-Ge W. 2016. Optimization of enzymatic fish oil extraction from mackerel viscera by response surface methodology. International Food Research Journal. 23(3):992–997.
Ramakrishnan VV, Ghaly AE, Brooks MS, Budge SM. 2013. Extraction of Oil from mackerel fish processing waste using alcalase enzyme. Journal of Enzyme Engineering. 02(2):1-13.
Renuka V, Anandan R, Suseela M, Ravishankar CN, Sivaraman GK. 2016. Fatty acid profile of yellowfin tuna eye (Thunnus albacares) and oil sardine muscle (Sardinella longiceps). Journal of Fishery Technology. 53(2):151–154.
Riyanto B. 2013. Potensi Besar Hasil Samping Tuna. Seafood Update Magazine. ed 1: 22-26.
Rubio-Rodríguez N, De Diego SM, Beltrán S, Jaime I, Sanz MT, Rovira J. 2012. Supercritical fluid extraction of fish oil from fish by-products: a comparison with other extraction methods. Journal of Food Engineering. 109(2):238–248.
Rustad T. 2010. Lipid Oxidation. Ed. Nollet LML, Toldra F. Handbook of Seafood and Seafood Products Analysis. Florida (US): CRC Press of Taylor and Francis Group.
Sullivan JC, Budge SM. 2010. Monitoring fish oil volatiles to assess the quality of fish oil. Journal of Lipid Technology. 22(10):230–232.
Trilaksani W, Santoso J, Riyanto B, Ramadhan W, Rieuwpassa FJ. 2014. Fatty acid and amino acid profile of fat and fish roe protein concentrate recovered from skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) roes. MBRIO Conference. Bogor Agricultural University.
Trilaksani W, Riyanto B, Azzahra F, Santoso J, Tarman K. 2020. Recovery of tuna virgin fish oil and formulation as a product model of emulsion food supplement. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 414(1):1-4.
Trilaksani W, Riyanto B, Syifa AL. 2020. Extraction and microencapsulation of tuna virgin fish oil with mangrove fruit extract fortified into extrusion cereals. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 420(1):1-4.
Van-Leeuwen EM, Emri E, Merle BMJ, Colijn JM, Kersten E, Cougnard-Gregoire A, Dammeier S, Meester-Smoor M, Pool FM, de-Jong EK, Delcourt C, Rodrigez-Bocanegra E, Biarnés M, Luthert PJ, Ueffing M, Klaver CCW, Nogoceke E, den-Hollander AI, Lengyel I. 2018. A new perspective on lipid research in age-related macular degeneration. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 67(1):56–86.
Authors
TrilaksaniW., RiyantoB., NurhayatiT., SantosoJ., & KurniawanI. A. H. (2022). Integrasi Sentrifugasi Suhu Rendah dengan Optimasi Ekstraksi Enzimatis Minyak Mata Tuna menggunakan Response Surface Methodology: Integration of Low Temperature Centrifugation with Optimization of Tuna Eye Oil Enzymatic Extraction Using Response Surface Methodology. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 24(3), 395-406. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v24i3.36652
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Article Details
