Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia

Pematahan Dormansi Benih Selada menggunakan Konsentrasi Benzyladenine dan Penyinaran yang Berbed

Indri Fariroh, Tri Handoyo, Riza Yuli Rusdiana — Thu, 25 Apr 2024 15:39:48 +0700

Secondary dormancy in lettuce seeds which is triggered by high temperatures and darkness is caused low germination in nurseries. This issue must be solved to obtain high-quality seeds. The experimental design used factorial randomized complete block design, i.e., 6-benzyladenine concentration (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 mM) and radiation treatment (light, dark, red light 1, 2, 3 hours) with 3 replicates. The lettuce varieties used Grand Rapids (GR) and Ava Red (AR). The parameters observed were the percentage of seed germination (SG), seed vigor index (SVI), seed growth rate (SGR), and fresh seed that did not grow (FSdnG). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, the treatment which showed significant effect further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test at α = 5%. The result showed that GR seed without BA soaking resulted in higher SG (39.20%), SVI (26.13%), SGR (12.04%), also lower FSdnG (6.13%). The highest percentage of SVI in GR seed was reported on light treatment (26.93%). Radiation of red light for 1 hour without seed soaking in BA produced higher SG (76%) and SGR (29.98%) in Ava Red. The highest percentage of SVI in Ava Red was obtained from seeds without soaking in BA (53.33%) and germinated in light conditions (34.93%).
Keywords: BAP, photodormancy, red light, skotodormancy

Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap Aplikasi Pupuk NPK 16:16:16 dan Pupuk Organik Urin Kelinci

Andra Rismayanti, Arrin Rosmala, Peni Lestari — Thu, 25 Apr 2024 15:42:00 +0700

Liquid organic fertilizer, known as POC, is a biological fertilizer acts as complementary to inorganic fertilizers due to its capacity to enhance the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. This research aims to assess the growth and production response of red chilies (Capsicum annuum L.) to the application of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer combined with rabbit urine-based POC. The experimental design employed a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with five treatments and six replications. Chili cultivation took place in open fields using polybags. The results indicated that the application of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer, rabbit urine-based POC, and a combination of both did not show significant differences during the vegetative phase of the plants but did impact yield components. Rabbit urine-based POC 50% (by water) potentially substitute 20% of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer dossage application. The combination of NPK 4 g polybag-1 + POC 50% (P2) produced the highest yield component results and was equivalent to NPK 5 g polybag-1 + POC 50% (P3). Further research is necessary to determine the optimal concentration and dose of rabbit urine-based POC for chili cultivation in polybags.

Keyword: red chilies, yield components, biological organic fertilizer

Pengaruh Ketinggian AB Mix Terhadap Pertumbuhan Caisim Menggunakan Modifikasi Hidroponik Sistem Wick

Thu, 25 Apr 2024 15:43:45 +0700

An important factor in cultivating plants using the hydroponic system is providing AB mix nutrients with the appropriate concentration and solution discharge. Supplying and controlling the nutrient level can use a modified wick system tool designed based on several levels of nutrient height. This research aims to determine the effect of AB mix nutritional levels on choy sum growth. The study was carried out from August to September 2023 in the BSIP’s greenhouse of the Ministry of Agriculture, Cimanggu, Bogor. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the level of AB Mix nutrient solution in 3 height levels: 2 cm (N1), 3 cm (N2), and 4 cm (N3), and used six replications. The ANOVA test showed no effect of nutrient level on plant height, leaf number, and leaf width at all ages of observation. However, nutrient height had a significant effect on the root length of choy sum plants, which in treatment N1 (18.26 cm) had the highest average root length compared to treatments N2 (14.54 cm) and N3 (13.77 cm). The findings explain that the lower the AB mix height, the longer the choy sum roots.

Keywords: brassicaceae, nutrient concentration, plant growth, static hydroponics, water height level

Light Intensities Affect Canopy Architecture and Fruit Characteristics of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Mechanical harvesting in cayenne pepper is developing, however, factors affecting canopy architecture and fruit characteristics are still lack. Study aimed to evaluate the effect of shade intensities on canopy architecture and fruit position in cayenne pepper to support developing smart harvesting tools. The experiment was conducted in Babakan Sawah Baru Experimental Farm, IPB from September 2021 to March 2022. The experiment used nested design with shade levels (no shade, 25%, 30%, 50%, 60%, 90%, and 100%) as the main plot and time of shading application (4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting) as sub-plot. The canopy architecture and fruit position were affected by the shade level and its time application. Plant height increased and the canopy widened with increasing shade levels up to 50%. Thus, the shading level should be considered in the development of smart harvesting methodology.

Keywords: cabai rawit, climate change, labor, low light intensity, plant architecture

Evaluasi Rizobakteri Indigenous Gayo Lues sebagai PGPR Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Nilam Aceh

Halimursyadah, Trisda Kurniawan, Rika Marisa — Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Rhizobacteria are a group of microorganisms that actively and aggressively colonize the rhizosphere area and act as plant growth promoters. Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is one of the essential oil producing plants known as patchouli oil. This study aims to determine the interaction between the treatment of indigenous rhizobacterial isolate types with varieties on the growth and yield of Aceh patchouli plants. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Nino Park, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh. This study used a 7x3 factorial pattern Randomized Group Design (RGD) with 3 replications. The factors studied were 7 types of rhizobacterial isolates (Without Rizobacteria, PG 5/1, PG 5/3 P, PG 6/2, PG 7/3 C, PG 8/1, and PG 9/2 C) and 3 types of patchouli varieties (Sidikalang, Lhokseumawe, and Tapak Tuan). The results showed a very significant interaction between rhizobacteria treatment and type of variety on the parameters of plant height 8 and 12 WAA, number of leaves 4, 8, and 12 WAA, number of branches 8 and 12 MSA, wet biomass weight, wind dry biomass weight, and significantly influenced the parameters of plant height and number of branches 4 WAA. The best growth and yield of Sidikalang variety using rhizobacterial isolate PG 9/2 C, Lhokseumawe variety using rhizobacterial isolate PG 6/2, and Tapak Tuan variety using rhizobacterial isolate PG 8/1 based on wind-dry biomass weight parameter.

Keywords: Biofertilizer, Dry Biomass, Biostimulant

Pengembangan Metode Uji Cepat Vigor Benih Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) melalui Pemunculan Radikula menggunakan Pengolahan Citra Digital

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Radicle emergence test represents a promising alternative method for rapid seed vigor assessment. Digital image processing stands as a technology viable for seed quality identification through a more precise and time-efficient radicle emergence method. The research endeavors to develop a more efficient and accurate method for testing seed vigor via radicle emergence utilizing digital image processing on Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) seeds. Conducted at the Seed Physiology and Health Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, from October 2023 to January 2024, the study employed a completely randomized design with one factor and four replications as groups. Ten varieties of Long Bean seeds were utilized, and radicle emergence assessments were conducted from 46 to 58 hours after sowing. The findings indicate that digital image processing can effectively be utilized in radicle emergence assays for Long Bean seed vigor testing. Radicle emergence test exhibited a strong positive correlation with germination rate, vigor index, and growth rate while showing a strong negative correlation with the average germination time. The most suitable and accurate germination period for a radicle emergence test of at least 2 mm is 52 hours at 25 ± 2 ℃. Radicle emergence assay proves reliable and efficient for testing Long Bean seed vigor, particularly when integrated with digital image processing technology.

Keywords: correlation, growth rate, ImageJ, salinity stress, vigor index

Pertumbuhan Seedling Anggrek Tanah (Spathoglottis plicata Blume) in Vitro sebagai Respons terhadap Berbagai Komposisi Media MS

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Spathoglottis plicata Blume is a ground orchid which has high economic and aesthetic values. Its existence in natural habitat is classified as vulnerable. Propagation of this orchid in vitro can be done by seed germination and seedling growth, which require a suitable culture medium. Murashige and Skoog (MS) has been widely used for in vitro seed germination and seedling growth of various orchids. However, the concentration of salts in MS often needs to be adjusted for best results. This study aimed to investigate in vitro growth of S. plicata seedlings as a response to various MS modification media. Protocorms of 6 weeks after seed sowing were cultured on MS modification media, namely, ¼ MS, ½ MS, MS0, and MS with addition of NAA and BAP. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with 10 replications, each of which consisted of one culture vessel containing 5 clumps of protocorms. After six months in the treatment media, it was found that MS0 was the best medium for in vitro seedling growth, showing the highest leaf numbers and number of seedlings. After 4 weeks ex vitro, 13% of plantlets survived when acclimatized in a plastic shade house using rice-husk charcoal medium.

Keywords: BAP, NAA, acclimatization, protocorm