Open University (UT) is the first university used distance learning systems. Therefore, some important aspects that must be possessed by students in this learning system is the desire and ability to learn independently, and then motivation to progress and develop. Distance teaching and learning process is basically addressed to the readiness and motivation of students to study independently. This study uses two-factor theory of motivation namely intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Therefore, in facing the problem of student motivation, UT needs to provide excellent service to support and motivate the student. To achieve an excellent service UT must have certain skills in human resources. Based on the existing problems, the purpose of this study were to analyze the affect of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and excellent service toward the satisfaction of a student graduate at Management Study Program, Economic Faculty of Open University. This study used crosstabs and multiple regression analysis. From the analysis showed that significantly the affect between intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, excellent service, and dummy variable of graduation period, and education level.
Key words: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, excellent service, student graduate satisfaction
Financial and non-financial factors are important indicators to evaluate performance of corporation. The main objective of this study is to build a model for improving performance of estate and plant by using balance scorecard. The study uses balance scorecard, and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process to model the criteria of performance measurement for both estate and plant. Results generated from the model of estate performance criteria measurements are seed, fertilizing, cost management, harvest, plant maintenance, production, and employee development. Results generated from the model of plant performance criteria measurements are production rate, cost management, losses, plant utilization, CPO quality, employee development, and environmental friendly production process. Estate and plant scoring board model are used to measure the performance of estate and plant based on set targets. Results generated from estate scoring board model are low performance in cost management, production, and employed development. Results generated from plant scoring board model are low performance in cost management, losses, and environmental friendly production process. Performance improvement model for estate and plant are conducted by using expert management. The result generated from this study is a software of decision support system by using expert management, and it is called In-KK v1.00.
Keywords: oil palm agroindustry, key performance indicator, scoring board
The objective of the study are to analyze the level of technical efficiency of the production of red chili,(b) to analyze factors that influence the production of red chili, (c) to analyze the social-economic factors that affect inefficiency technically of red chili, and (d) to analyze the behavior of red chili farmers in facing price risk. The stochastic production frontier is used to estimate the production function. Results showed that most variables, both technical and socio-economic factors, have signs as expected and most significant. The average level of technical efficiency (TE) for both big red chili and curly red chili are 0.83 and 0.86, respectively. Several socio-economic factors that significantly affect technical inefficiency includes total income, ratio income of red chili on the total household income, ratio of red chili farming plots to the total cultivated land, and variable experience of peasant households in red chili. The behavior of big red chili farmers in facing the price risk is risk averse, meanwhile curly the red chili farmers’ is a risk taker. Important policy implication is to increase technical skills and managerial capabilities at less than 0.80 technical efficiency group. Future technological development can be done by good agriculture pratices and standar operating procedure on red chili farming, that is hybrid seed use, balance and complete fertilizer use, manure use and integrated pest management practices.
After the reform era, forest management approaches tend to change from state-based to community-based. Arising awareness about the importance of involving communities in forest management, it will not succed without support from the community. Since 2001, Perhutani has implemented a partnership program in the form of CBFM (Joint Forest Management Society), designed to accommodate the dynamic and needs of the community. This paper aims to study the perception of society, equality of status of the community, and to formulate alternative forestry policy. This research was quantitative and qualitative research. Sample were taken purposively. Research location in Perhutani office (BKPH) of Parung Panjang, KPH Bogor. Public perceptions of CBFM are positive and able to increase revenue, income, absorb labour, and grow productive business. Biophysical condition are better with the following: the fire and illegal logging are reduced, and the rehabilitation of forest is better. However, it is difficult for the community to get water since Acacia mangium were planted. The level of community participation in planning and evaluation is low but high in the implementation. The pattern of partnership is asymmetrical because the decision-making is dominated by Perhutani officers. In the cooperative agreement, there are many inequalities positions. CBFM is derivative of developmentalist ideology contrary to the principles of community empowerment. The partnership is focused more on corporate interests, and is used as reducer of conflict. Policy scenarios of CBFM are institutional strengthening, acces to forest resources, equality in forest management partnership, and productive business.
Key words: community forestry, partnership, equality, institutional
Environmental conflicts in protection forest mostly caused by issues of scarcity, negative externalities, structural unbalance, and different viewpoint of people on value of forests. In many cases, forest governance creates overlapping policies regarding with these issues that may generate conflict escalation; this occurs in Register 45B of Protection Forest Zone in Lampung Province. This research aimed to study (1) factors those affecting (escalation of) conflict, (2) conflict management styles manifested by parties/disputants, (3) polarization of parties refer to the conflict roots they face, and (4) settlement options that parties willing to take referring to alternative dispute resolution (ADR) options. Research implementation and analysis carried out by using pathway analysis and pairwise comparison analysis-scheffe test. The research found that conflict escalation was mainly caused by decision to convert forest land use. Conflict management styles are collaborative and compromise. Polarizations of parties refer to similarities on interests. All parties willing to take negotiation and/or facilitation as ADR options to settle disputes.
Key words: conflict, environment, forest, resolution