Buletin Ekonomi Perikanan

Social action model with program of cultivation of crab is one of the problem solving altematives of conflict among branchish waterpond society with govemment (Ministry of Forestry of Republic of Indonesia ·Perhutani"). There are different interest among them that the coastal (mangrove forest) in order to a conservation and another side to living of the branch ish waterpond community. The objectives of the research were (1) to describe of the social action components in the study location, and (2) to design a social action model with program of cultivation oferab. The research showed that (1) social action components indicated as (1) the actor components were branchish waterpond and "Perhutani", (b) situational and problem component was a conflict of different interest among coastal pond communitiy with "Perhutani", (c) the objective component mangrove was in order to living for the branch ish waterpond, but for "Perhutani" it was in order to conservation thing, (d) the value and norm component (e) there are legal formal and tradition (informal) about coastal management were adopted by them, and the way of the objective component by branch ish waterpond the mangrove in order to cultivate of fish, settlement, and firewood, and by Perhutani was monitoring and controlling of this (2) the principles of social action were participation, empowering, autonomy, and sustainability. To design of social action model systematically with step by step way. Firstly, planning (data collecting, data analyzing, problem identification, priority problem ellection, decide objective of program), input identlcation, decide of output, decide of outcomes, and evaluation

Anna Fatchiya

Social action model with program of cultivation of crab is one of the problem solving altematives of conflict among branchish waterpond society with govemment (Ministry of Forestry of Republic of Indonesia ·Perhutani"). There are different interest among them that the coastal (mangrove forest) in order to a conservation and another side to living of the branch ish waterpond community. The objectives of the research were (1) to describe of the social action components in the study location, and (2) to design a social action model with program of cultivation oferab. The research showed that (1) social action components indicated as (1) the actor components were branchish waterpond and "Perhutani", (b) situational and problem component was a conflict of different interest among coastal pond communitiy with "Perhutani", (c) the objective component mangrove was in order to living for the branch ish waterpond, but for "Perhutani" it was in order to conservation thing, (d) the value and norm component (e) there are legal formal and tradition (informal) about coastal management were adopted by them, and the way of the objective component by branch ish waterpond the mangrove in order to cultivate of fish, settlement, and firewood, and by Perhutani was monitoring and controlling of this (2) the principles of social action were participation, empowering, autonomy, and sustainability. To design of social action model systematically with step by step way. Firstly, planning (data collecting, data analyzing, problem identification, priority problem ellection, decide objective of program), input identlcation, decide of output, decide of outcomes, and evaluation

The research aimed to overview economic aspect of sustainability small scale fisheries in Tegal district, Central Java. This research used Rapfish method and financial perfonnance analysis To known economic aspect status of sustalnability small scale fisheries In Tegal District. The aim of Research were (1) To describe fisheries sustalnability on small scale fisheriesat Tegal District, Central Java Provlncy, (2) To recommend a policy of fisheries management on small scale fisheries At Tegal District, Central Java Provincy. The result showed "bundes· and ·jaring rampus· was a Suitable gear to catch fish sustalnabllity, but ·payang gemplo· was not. The research recommend Was it is important to decrease subsidy for small scale fisheries who have undepth fishing ground.

Benny Osta Nababan, Yesi Dewitta Sari, Maman Hermawan

The research aimed to overview economic aspect of sustainability small scale fisheries in Tegal district, Central Java. This research used Rapfish method and financial perfonnance analysis To known economic aspect status of sustalnability small scale fisheries In Tegal District. The aim of Research were (1) To describe fisheries sustalnability on small scale fisheriesat Tegal District, Central Java Provlncy, (2) To recommend a policy of fisheries management on small scale fisheries At Tegal District, Central Java Provincy. The result showed "bundes· and ·jaring rampus· was a Suitable gear to catch fish sustalnabllity, but ·payang gemplo· was not. The research recommend Was it is important to decrease subsidy for small scale fisheries who have undepth fishing ground.

Indonesia has 17.504 island and it's the biggest maritim states in the world. It gives a challege for the government it self because if they don't organized it effectively, there will be bad effects and couses cases. As same as case that happened to Ambalat block, this ocean is claimed as an area from two states. This is the second time Indonesia competes to each other, before that they figth to get sipadan ligitan island, and finaly malaysia got that island. Malaysia claims Ambalat Block based on 1979 map which published in only one side, by drawing a base line until taking a short out of indonesia area. According to the claim, malaysia gives concession to SHELL which is the 011 company from Holland. Whereas, Indonesia has already given concession to italy and england companies. which is the island country claims that this area is the exclusive economic zone and its also as a continental shelf. Ambalat block which is a sulawesi ocean is assumed having a lot of natural riched things. That's the reasons why of the malayslan claim based on. The most important things here is, both of the Countries have ratified the convention law of the sea (UNCLOS 1982) so, they have to finish the problem based on UNCLOS to. The law Study of Ambalat conflict based on UNCLOS : 1. UNCLOS 1982 article 46, Archipelagic States Arr;hipelagic states means a states consitude wholly by one or more arr;hipelagos and may Include other Island. And Malaysia is not the archilpelagic states. 2. UNCLOS 1982 article 47, archipelagic baselines Malaysia cant use the straight archipelagic baselines because they not the archipelagic states. 3. UNCLOS 1982, article 57 ZEE The exclusive economic zone shall not extend beyond nautical miles the baselines from which the breadth of the territrial sea is measured. Dan the ambalat sea include the Indonesian exclusive economic zone . 4. UNCLOS 1982, article 76, Continental shelf Blok ambalat is the pronglotion of its land of east Kalimantan and that blok comes to 200 nautical miles from the baselines indonesian territorial. 5. UNCLOS 1982, article 77, continental Shelf Indonesia have sovereign rights for the purpose of exsploring natural resources of blok amblat.

Dewi Dwi Puspitasari S, Etty Eidman, Luky Adrianto

Indonesia has 17.504 island and it's the biggest maritim states in the world. It gives a challege for the government it self because if they don't organized it effectively, there will be bad effects and couses cases. As same as case that happened to Ambalat block, this ocean is claimed as an area from two states. This is the second time Indonesia competes to each other, before that they figth to get sipadan ligitan island, and finaly malaysia got that island. Malaysia claims Ambalat Block based on 1979 map which published in only one side, by drawing a base line until taking a short out of indonesia area. According to the claim, malaysia gives concession to SHELL which is the 011 company from Holland. Whereas, Indonesia has already given concession to italy and england companies. which is the island country claims that this area is the exclusive economic zone and its also as a continental shelf. Ambalat block which is a sulawesi ocean is assumed having a lot of natural riched things. That's the reasons why of the malayslan claim based on. The most important things here is, both of the Countries have ratified the convention law of the sea (UNCLOS 1982) so, they have to finish the problem based on UNCLOS to. The law Study of Ambalat conflict based on UNCLOS : 1. UNCLOS 1982 article 46, Archipelagic States Arr;hipelagic states means a states consitude wholly by one or more arr;hipelagos and may Include other Island. And Malaysia is not the archilpelagic states. 2. UNCLOS 1982 article 47, archipelagic baselines Malaysia cant use the straight archipelagic baselines because they not the archipelagic states. 3. UNCLOS 1982, article 57 ZEE The exclusive economic zone shall not extend beyond nautical miles the baselines from which the breadth of the territrial sea is measured. Dan the ambalat sea include the Indonesian exclusive economic zone . 4. UNCLOS 1982, article 76, Continental shelf Blok ambalat is the pronglotion of its land of east Kalimantan and that blok comes to 200 nautical miles from the baselines indonesian territorial. 5. UNCLOS 1982, article 77, continental Shelf Indonesia have sovereign rights for the purpose of exsploring natural resources of blok amblat.

Marine communal property right or marine traditional right are marine property right is owned by communal and It is an important aspect for managing marine resources.. This study is aimed to describe and analyzes the components of institution of marine communal property right Result of this study is able to arrange management of marine reusources based on traditional property right by considering performances of economics, social and environmental.

The institution of marine traditional right at coastal villages In Bintuni Bay is an organization system and is as a system of control to marine resources that are reffered.by (1) Jurisdiction of boundary that referring a region and a scope of owned authority by local communal and In this cases are established by (a) sense of community based on a familiar relationships and social relationships (b) homogenity; to exploiting marine resources for fullfill their needs together; (2) Property Right that is sourced from traditional laws based on legacy and from concensus among of members of community or other convnunlty. This communal prperty right In this. case is contain of social and economic aspect; (3) Role of representative that referring members of community to take a decision process to manage marine resources.

Gatot Yulianto

Marine communal property right or marine traditional right are marine property right is owned by communal and It is an important aspect for managing marine resources.. This study is aimed to describe and analyzes the components of institution of marine communal property right Result of this study is able to arrange management of marine reusources based on traditional property right by considering performances of economics, social and environmental.

The institution of marine traditional right at coastal villages In Bintuni Bay is an organization system and is as a system of control to marine resources that are reffered.by (1) Jurisdiction of boundary that referring a region and a scope of owned authority by local communal and In this cases are established by (a) sense of community based on a familiar relationships and social relationships (b) homogenity; to exploiting marine resources for fullfill their needs together; (2) Property Right that is sourced from traditional laws based on legacy and from concensus among of members of community or other convnunlty. This communal prperty right In this. case is contain of social and economic aspect; (3) Role of representative that referring members of community to take a decision process to manage marine resources.

Giant Hypennarket is one of main player in consumer good retailing industry in Indonesia. Changing environtment and increasing competition pressure have put the finn in a need of marketing strategy adjustment in order to retain the existing and to gain new market segments. This study presented steps taken in developming a new marketing strategy plan based on study of consume(s preference and enterprise perfonnace analysiS. A new marketing mix, has been developed based on consumer preference and enterprise perfonnance studies. The study has been focused on sea food and fish products of the retailer. Objectives of the studies are to Identify dominant marketing variables of the finn that best meet consumer preferences and to fonnulate new or adjusted marketing mix that best fits the business environment and Challenges. The development of new marketing mix began by conducting consumer preference study in whichconsumers are requested to expresses their impression and evaluation on existing Giant marketing strategy. In the same manner, intemal officers of Giant hypennarket having direct responsibility in marketing have been asked to give their self evaluation on their own marketing strategy. In both studies, elements of Giant marketing mix, the so called 7 P's, were. evaluated. Empirical data has been drawn by using survey and interview techniques. Sample respondents representing consumers have been selected by applying purposive sampling methods. Questionnaires were developed to catch consumer preferences, consumer evaluation and suggestions on the existing marketing mix. The data has then been analyzed by applying descriptive statistics methods. Seven marketing variables of Giant Hypennarket being analyzed are product mix, price mix, place mix, promotion mix, process mix, people mix and physical evidence. These variables have been evaluated by both intemal management and consumers. New marketing mix is then developed based ~n the outcome of the analysis. It is indicated that Giant Hypermarket has applied the 7 Ps of the marketing mix adequately consistent. Four of the seven variables (product, price, promotion, people, and physical evidence) have been deemed appropriate, while the others have been deemed good. However, one element of promotion mix, namely public relation have been deemed poor by consumes. Evaluation by intemal management of the firm has put marketing variables to be significant factors for the success of the retailer. The analysis has revealed that two marketing variables, product mix and promotin mix are relatively more important than the others; Cosequently, these variables need to be put in priority in the firm marketing program. It is recommended, that (1) as a part product mix, the firm to put more care in sorting process to ensure quality, to intensify physical check up on the products, to use appropriate packing materials and to make up packing design. (2) In promotion mix, Giant Hypermarket is suggested to keep using and diversify the existing media to increase publication. In particular, the firm is suggested to increase the frequencies of sales promotion and public relation.

Suharno ., Ika Sulistiya

Giant Hypennarket is one of main player in consumer good retailing industry in Indonesia. Changing environtment and increasing competition pressure have put the finn in a need of marketing strategy adjustment in order to retain the existing and to gain new market segments. This study presented steps taken in developming a new marketing strategy plan based on study of consume(s preference and enterprise perfonnace analysiS. A new marketing mix, has been developed based on consumer preference and enterprise perfonnance studies. The study has been focused on sea food and fish products of the retailer. Objectives of the studies are to Identify dominant marketing variables of the finn that best meet consumer preferences and to fonnulate new or adjusted marketing mix that best fits the business environment and Challenges. The development of new marketing mix began by conducting consumer preference study in whichconsumers are requested to expresses their impression and evaluation on existing Giant marketing strategy. In the same manner, intemal officers of Giant hypennarket having direct responsibility in marketing have been asked to give their self evaluation on their own marketing strategy. In both studies, elements of Giant marketing mix, the so called 7 P's, were. evaluated. Empirical data has been drawn by using survey and interview techniques. Sample respondents representing consumers have been selected by applying purposive sampling methods. Questionnaires were developed to catch consumer preferences, consumer evaluation and suggestions on the existing marketing mix. The data has then been analyzed by applying descriptive statistics methods. Seven marketing variables of Giant Hypennarket being analyzed are product mix, price mix, place mix, promotion mix, process mix, people mix and physical evidence. These variables have been evaluated by both intemal management and consumers. New marketing mix is then developed based ~n the outcome of the analysis. It is indicated that Giant Hypermarket has applied the 7 Ps of the marketing mix adequately consistent. Four of the seven variables (product, price, promotion, people, and physical evidence) have been deemed appropriate, while the others have been deemed good. However, one element of promotion mix, namely public relation have been deemed poor by consumes. Evaluation by intemal management of the firm has put marketing variables to be significant factors for the success of the retailer. The analysis has revealed that two marketing variables, product mix and promotin mix are relatively more important than the others; Cosequently, these variables need to be put in priority in the firm marketing program. It is recommended, that (1) as a part product mix, the firm to put more care in sorting process to ensure quality, to intensify physical check up on the products, to use appropriate packing materials and to make up packing design. (2) In promotion mix, Giant Hypermarket is suggested to keep using and diversify the existing media to increase publication. In particular, the firm is suggested to increase the frequencies of sales promotion and public relation.

The aims of this research are to analyse the optimal allocation rate of resources. utilization of pond culture, to estimate and to analyse land rent value of prawn pond culture and to estimate affect of change In exogeneous variable on the land rent value. Finding of the researcah shows that economic value of prawn pond culture of Tanjung Paslr village, Is estimated to be Rp163.864.380,95 and of Tanjung Baru village to be Rp192.484,85. Based on Ricardian land rent concept. tanjung Baru village has land rent value of Rp1.560.182,OO while Tanjung Paslr village has about Rp1.065.431,OO. Multiple regression model, applied for this research Indicates that1here Is a corelation between land rent value and produdivlty fadors and distance. the model has also shows that fador productivity has a positive correlation to the land rent value,.while distance has a negative correlation to the land rent value. It Is also indicated that Tanjung Baru village has reached almost an optimal condition. The finding of sentivity analysis shows that the increase of oil price and urea fertilize reduced the value of land rent and the magnitude of change in the value of land rent be affected by the fador of fertility rate and the distance of the pond location from the existing local spot market.

M Prihatna Sobari, Suharno ., Dwi Sushanty

The aims of this research are to analyse the optimal allocation rate of resources. utilization of pond culture, to estimate and to analyse land rent value of prawn pond culture and to estimate affect of change In exogeneous variable on the land rent value. Finding of the researcah shows that economic value of prawn pond culture of Tanjung Paslr village, Is estimated to be Rp163.864.380,95 and of Tanjung Baru village to be Rp192.484,85. Based on Ricardian land rent concept. tanjung Baru village has land rent value of Rp1.560.182,OO while Tanjung Paslr village has about Rp1.065.431,OO. Multiple regression model, applied for this research Indicates that1here Is a corelation between land rent value and produdivlty fadors and distance. the model has also shows that fador productivity has a positive correlation to the land rent value,.while distance has a negative correlation to the land rent value. It Is also indicated that Tanjung Baru village has reached almost an optimal condition. The finding of sentivity analysis shows that the increase of oil price and urea fertilize reduced the value of land rent and the magnitude of change in the value of land rent be affected by the fador of fertility rate and the distance of the pond location from the existing local spot market.

After shrimp, tuna Is the second major export of Indonesian sead food <:ommodity group . Among the existing export mar1tets, Japan is the bigest mar1tet destination of Indonesian Tuna export. In the perspctive of Intemational trade, tuna· is a commodity group consisting of different kinds of export Item and specificity. Fresh ye//Owfin is the most Important Item of tuna group in term of export's value. This research specified model and estimated demand parameters of Japanese Impbrt market on Indonesia's fresh Ye//owfin. The estimation Is made In order to have valid Information especially for policy formulation. The estimation is done by using an econometric approach. In the approach three ad hoc models (linear, semi logarithmic and double logarithmic) were applied to a time series export data of Indonesian yellow fin to Japanese mar1tet by using ordinary least square (OLS) methods. These three models were then evaluated using three criteria of fitness: economic, statislical and econometric criteria. The model evaluation Indicated that semi-logarithmic model has the best fitness to the three criteria. COnsequently, the estimation of demand parameters is then made by using semi-logarithmic model. Using the semi-logarithmic demand model, the econometric analysis has indicated that Import of Indonesian Yellow fin by Japanese mar1tet is dependent on five factors: the domestic price of fresh yellow fin In Japan, Japanese GOP, Yen to dollar exchange rate, Intemational fresh shrimp price, and previous demand of fresh yellow fin by Japanese mar1tet. It is concluded that. of these five factors, two factors (own price and Income) revealed a Significant Interest. It Is found out that own price demand elasticity of fresh yellow fin Is elastic (-1,283) and demand elasticity of Income is inelastic (0,002) . The research recommended that Indonesian need to apply quality based strategy instead of price, by applying prudent production technology to anticipate the increasing Japanese GOP

Suharno ., Heri Santoso

After shrimp, tuna Is the second major export of Indonesian sead food <:ommodity group . Among the existing export mar1tets, Japan is the bigest mar1tet destination of Indonesian Tuna export. In the perspctive of Intemational trade, tuna· is a commodity group consisting of different kinds of export Item and specificity. Fresh ye//Owfin is the most Important Item of tuna group in term of export's value. This research specified model and estimated demand parameters of Japanese Impbrt market on Indonesia's fresh Ye//owfin. The estimation Is made In order to have valid Information especially for policy formulation. The estimation is done by using an econometric approach. In the approach three ad hoc models (linear, semi logarithmic and double logarithmic) were applied to a time series export data of Indonesian yellow fin to Japanese mar1tet by using ordinary least square (OLS) methods. These three models were then evaluated using three criteria of fitness: economic, statislical and econometric criteria. The model evaluation Indicated that semi-logarithmic model has the best fitness to the three criteria. COnsequently, the estimation of demand parameters is then made by using semi-logarithmic model. Using the semi-logarithmic demand model, the econometric analysis has indicated that Import of Indonesian Yellow fin by Japanese mar1tet is dependent on five factors: the domestic price of fresh yellow fin In Japan, Japanese GOP, Yen to dollar exchange rate, Intemational fresh shrimp price, and previous demand of fresh yellow fin by Japanese mar1tet. It is concluded that. of these five factors, two factors (own price and Income) revealed a Significant Interest. It Is found out that own price demand elasticity of fresh yellow fin Is elastic (-1,283) and demand elasticity of Income is inelastic (0,002) . The research recommended that Indonesian need to apply quality based strategy instead of price, by applying prudent production technology to anticipate the increasing Japanese GOP