Infiltrasi dan Aliran Permukaan pada Agroforestri dan Kelapa Sawit

  • Austin Ullyta Sekolah Pascasarjana, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680
  • Suria Darma Tarigan Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
  • Enni Dwi Wahjunie Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

Abstract

Forest to oil palm plantations conversion has changed soil's physical properties significantly. It caused significant changes in the hydrological cycle and affects the water resources around the research site. One of the strategies that could minimize the negative impact of monoculture oil palm plantations is better plantation management by implementing a mixed cropping system (agroforestry). This study aims to analyze the infiltration, surface runoff, and surface runoff coefficient in agroforestry and monoculture oil palm. This observation was conducted in the oil palm plantation area of PT Humusindo Makmur Sejati, Bungku Village, Bajubang District, Batanghari Regency. The infiltration rate was calculated according to the Horton method, and the amount of runoff in agroforestry and oil palm monoculture used the soil conservation service-curve number method. The results showed differences in infiltration, surface runoff, and runoff coefficients between the agroforestry land and the monoculture oil palm. The highest infiltration is in A48, which is 42,00 cm/hour in the dry season and 18,00 cm/hour in the rainy season. The lowest runoff is in A23, which is 70.14 mm with a runoff coefficient of 0.04. The highest runoff occurred in S48 of 339.88 mm, with a runoff coefficient of 0.19. The differences in infiltration, surface runoff, and runoff coefficient in this study are affected by the vegetation density and the amount of litter.

 

Keywords: agroforestry, infiltration, oil palm, runoff coefficients, surface runoff

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arsyad S. 2010. Konservasi Tanah dan Air. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.

Asdak C. 2014. Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. Yogyakarta (ID): Universitas Gadjah Mada Press.

Braud I, Vich AIJ, Zuluaga J, Fornero L, Pedrani A. 2001. Vegetation influence on runoff and sediment yield in the Andes region: observation and modelling. Journal of Hydrology. 254(14): 124144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00500-5

Bruijnzeel LA. 2004. Hydrological functions of tropical forests: not seeingthe soil for the trees?. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 104: 185–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.015

Budiastuti MS. 2013. Hidrologi Tapak Lahan: Perubahan Tutupan Lahan dan Tingkat Resapan Air. Sains Tanah-Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology. 6(1): 1526.

Comte I, Colin F, Whalen JK, Grunberger O,Caliman JP. 2012. Agricultural practices in oil palm plantations and their impact on hydrological changes, nutrient fluxes and water quality in Indonesia: a review. Advances in Agronomy. 116: 71124. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394277-7.00003-8

Dariah A, Agus F, Maswar. 2005. Kualitas tanah pada lahan usahatani berbasis tanaman kopi (Studi Kasus di Sumber Jaya, Lampung Barat). Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. 2: 4857.

Delima D, Akbar H, Rafli M, 2018. Tingkat laju infiltrasi tanah pada DAS Krueng Mane Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Agrium 15(1): 1728. https://doi.org/ 10.29103/agrium.v15i1.685

Dislich C, Keyel AC, Salecker J, Kisel Y, Meyer KM, Auliya M, Barnes AD, Corre MD, Darras K, Faust H, et al. 2017. A review of the ecosystem functions in oil palm plantations, using forests as a reference system. Biological Reviews. 92(3): 1539–1569.

[Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan Kementrian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. 2017. Statistik perkebunan Indonesia 2016–2018. Jakarta (ID).

[Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan Kementrian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. 2021. Statistik unggulan nasional 2019–2021. Jakarta (ID).

Djaenudin D, Oktaviani R, Hartoyo S, Dwiprabowo H. 2018. Analisis peluang keberhasilan penurunan laju deforestasi: pendekatan teori transisi hutan. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan. 15(1): 1519. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpsek.2018. 15.1.15-29

Ginter DL, McLeod KW, Sherrod Jr C. 1979. Water stress in longleaf pine induced by litter removal. Forest Ecology and Management. 2(0): 1320. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(79)90033-1

Hidayat A, Badaruddin, Yamani A. 2019. Analisis laju dan besarnya volume infiltrasi pada berbagai tutupan lahan di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Maluka. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae. 2(5): 785791.

Junaidi E. 2013. Peranan penerapan agroforestry terhadap hasil air daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Cisadane. Jurnal Penelitian Agroforestry. 1(1): 4153.

[KLHK] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. 2012. Rekalkulasi Penutupan Lahan Indonesia Tahun 2011. Jakarta (ID).

[KLHK] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. 2021. Rekalkulasi Penutupan Lahan Indonesia Tahun 2020. Jakarta (ID).

Latuamury B, Gunawan T, Suprayogi S. 2012. Pengaruh kerapatan vegetasi penutup lahan terhadap karakteristik resesi hidrograf pada beberapa Sub DAS di Propinsi Jawa Tengah dan Propinsi DIY. Majalah Geografi Indonesia. 26 (2): 99118. https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains. 5998

Masnang A, Sinukaban N, Sudarsono, Ginting N. 2014. Kajian tingkat aliran permukaan dan erosi pada berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan di Sub DAS Jenneberang Hulu. Jurnal Agroteknos. 4(1): 3237.

Merten J, Roll A, Guillaume T, Meijide A, Tarigan SD, Agusta H, Dislich C, Dittrich C, Faust H, Gunawan D et al. 2016. Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes. Ecology and Society. 21(2): 526. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08214-210205

Muryunika R. 2015. Strategi pengelolaan dan pengembangan agroforestri berbasis kelapa sawit di Jambi [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Mustikasari N, Tarigan SD, Sahiban S, Sahari B. 2018. Aliran Permukaan, Erosi Dan Kehilangan Hara Kebun Kelapa Sawit Kabupaten Sarolangun Provinsi Jambi. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah Lingkungan. 20 (2): 8285. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitl.20.2.82-85

Noordwijk MV, Agus F, Suprayogo D, Hairiah K, Pasya G, Verbist B, Farida. 2004. Peranan agroforestri dalam mempertahankan fungsi hidrologi daerah aliran sungai (DAS). Jurnal Agrivita. 26(1): 18.

Pasaribu H, Mulyadi A, Tarumun S. 2012. Neraca air di perkebunan kelapa sawit di PPKS Sub Unit Kalianta Kabun Riau. Junal Ilmu Lingkungan. 6(2):99-113.Slamet B. 2015. Intersepsi dan aliran permukaan pada transformasi hutan hujan tropika dataran rendah Jambi [Disertasi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Sunarti, Sinukaban N, Sanim B, Tarigan SD. 2008. Konversi hutan menjadi lahan usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit serta pengaruhnya terhadap aliran permukaan dan erosi tanah di DAS Batang Pelepat. Journal of Tropical Soils 13(3): 253260. https:// doi.org/10.5400/jts.2008.v13i3.253-260

Sunarti. 2011. Beberapa sifat fisika tanah pada lahan usahatani karet dan kelapa sawit rakyat di DAS Batang Pelepat. Jurnal Hidrolitan. 2(3): 124134.

Suripin. 2002. Pelestarian Sumber Daya Tanah dan Air. Yogyakarta (ID). Andi Publisher.

Tarigan SD. 2016. Land cover change and its impact on flooding frequency of Batanghari Watershed, Jambi Province, Indonesia. Elsevier Procedia Environmental Sciences. 33, hlm. 386–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.089

Tarigan SD. 2019. Biodiversity-based ecosystem services for the management of monoculture plantation landscape using a transdisciplinary approach: a review. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 325(1): 112. https:// doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/325/1/012013

Widianto, Hariah K, Suharjito D, Sardjono MA. 2003. Fungsi dan Peran Agroforestri. ICRAF. Bogor (ID).

Widianto, Suparyogo D, Noveras H, Widodo RH, Purnomosidhi P, van Noordwijk M. 2004. Alih guna lahan hutan menjadi lahan pertanian: apakah fungsi hidrologis hutan dapat digantikan sistem kopi monokultur?. Jurnal Agrivita. 26(1): 4752.

Yahya Z, Husin A, Talib J, Othman J, Ahmed OH, Jalloh MB. 2010. Soil compaction and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) yield in a clay textured soil. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 5(1): 1519. https://doi.org/10.3844/ ajabssp.2010.15.19

Published
2022-07-01
How to Cite
Austin Ullyta, TariganS. D., & WahjunieE. D. (2022). Infiltrasi dan Aliran Permukaan pada Agroforestri dan Kelapa Sawit. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 27(3), 359-366. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.3.359