PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU GLISEROLISIS TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA MONO-DIASILGLISEROL PADA SKALA PILOT PLANT

Arief R. Affandi, Nuri Andarwulan, Purwiyatno Hariyadi

Abstract

Mono and Diacylglycerol (MDAG) is one of the food additives that can be used for stabilizing food emulsion system. MDAG is commercially manufactured through glycerolysis reaction at high temperatures and catalyzed by inorganic alkaline such as NaOH. This process results in an equilibrium mixture containing partial glycerol esters and excess of glycerol. The present study describes the effect of reaction temperature and time in a 50 kg-pilot plant production on the chemical properties of the resulting MDAG emulsifier. Fully hydrogenated palm stearin (FHPS) and NaOH were used as the substrate and catalyst, respectively. The production was conducted following a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with two variable combinations, i.e. temperatures at 170, 180, and 185°C; and times of 120 and 180 min. Each experiment combination was conducted in two replications. The glycerolysis reaction at 180°C for 180 min produced the highest yield of MDAG, i.e. 87.2±1.41%, which comprised of 48.78±2.28% monoacylglycerol (MAG), 30.92±1.23% diacylglycerol (DAG), 4.79±0.61% triacylglycerol (TAG), 1.97±0.04% free fatty acid (FFA), and 2.35±0.05% free glycerol.

References

Anggoro DD, Budi FS. 2008. Proses gliserolisis minyak kelapa sawit menjadi mono dan diacyl gliserol dengan pelarut N-butanol dan katalis MgO. Reaktor 12: 22-28. DOI: 10.14710/re aktor.12.1.22-28.

Antia OO, Akpabio EJ, Offiong A. 2012. Investiga-tion into the kinetics of palm kernel oil hydro-lysis. Indian J Sci Technol 5: 3623-3629

[AOCS] American Oil Chemists Society. 1997. AOCS Official Method Da 23-56. Free Glycerol. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS. 5th Ed. AOCS Press, USA

[AOCS] American Oil Chemists Society. 1998. AOCS Official Method Ca 5a-40. Free Fatty Acids. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS. 5th Ed. AOCS Press, USA.

[AOCS] American Oil Chemists Society. 2003. AOCS Official Method Cd 8-53. Official Met-hods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS. 5th Ed.
AOCS Press, USA.

Brei V, Starukh G, Levytska S, Shistka D. 2012. Study of a continuous process of glycerolysis of rapeseed oil with the solid base catalysts. Chem Technol 6: 89-94.

Chetpattananondh P, Tongurai C. 2008. Synthesis of high purity monoglycerides from crude gly-cerol and palm stearin. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol 30: 515–521.

Dijkstra AJ. 2008. Revisiting the mechanisms of low-temperature, base-catalysed ester interchange reactions. Oilseed Fats Crop Lip 15: 208–212 DOI: 10.1051/ocl.2008.0200.

Ferretti CA, Soldano A, Apesteguía CR, Cosimo JI. 2010. Monoglyceride synthesis by glycerolysis of methyl oleate on solid acid – base catalysts. Chem Eng J 161: 346–354. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej. 2009.07.041.

Gunstone FD, Harwood JL, Dijkstra AJ. 2013. The Lipid Handbook. 3rd Ed. 323-327. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

Hui L, Zhe Z, Weiyu F, Wenyao C, Guozhi N, Zhaomin L. 2015. Monoacylglycerol synthesis by glycerolysis of soybean oil using alkaline ionic liquid. Ind Eng Chem Res 54: 4923–4928. DOI: 10.1021/ie5049548.

[Kemenperin] Kementerian Perindustrian. 2014. Profil industri oleokimia dasar dan biodiesel. http://www.kemenperin.go.id/download/7546/Profil-Industri-Oleokimia-Dasar-dan-Biodiesel. [27 November 2017].

Kumoro AC. 2012. Experimental and modeling studies of the reaction kinetics of alkaline-cata-lyzed used frying oil glycerolysis using isopropyl alcohol as a reaction solvent. Res J Appl Sci Eng Technol 4: 869–876.

Nitbani FO, Juminaa, Siswanta D, Solikhah EN. 2015. Reaction path synthesis of monoacylgly-cerol from fat and oils. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 35: 126–136.

Noureddini H, Harkey DW, Gustman MR. 2004. A continuous process for the glycerolysis of soybean oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 87: 203-207. DOI: 10.1007/s11746-004-0882-y.

Okullo AA, Temu AK. 2015. Modelling The kinetic s of jatropha oil transesterification. Energy Power Eng 7: 135-143. DOI: 10.4236/epe.2015.74013.

Pinyaphong P, Sriburi P, Phutrakul S. 2012. Syn-thesis of monoacylglycerol from glycerolysis of crude glycerol with coconut oil catalyzed by carica papaya lipase. Int J Chem Mol Nuclear, Materials Metallurgical Eng 6: 926–931.

Sidiq SL, Fatimah F, Sangi MS. 2013. Pengaruh penambahan emulsifier dan stabilizer terhadap kualitas santan kelapa. J MIPA Unsrat 2: 79-83.

Solaesa ÁG, Sanz MT, Beltrán S, Melgosa R. 2016. Kinetic study and kinetic parameters of lipase‐catalyzed glycerolysis of sardine oil in a homo-geneous medium. Chinese J Catal 37: 596–606. DOI:
10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61040-3.

Triana RN, Andarwulan N, Affandi AR, Nur RC. 2015. Karakteristik sensori donat dengan pe-nambahan emulsifier monodiasilgliserol dari fully hydrogenated palm stearin. J Mutu Pangan 2: 34–40.

Triana RN, Andarwulan N, Affandi AR, Wincy, Kemenady E. 2014. Aplikasi mono-diasilgliserol dari fully hydrogenated palm kernel oil sebagai emulsifier untuk margarin. J Mutu Pangan 1: 137–144.

Zhong N, Li L, Xu X, Cheong L.-Z, Xu Z, Li B. 2013. High yield of monoacylglycerols production through low-temperature chemical and enzy-matic glycerolysis. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 115: 684–690. DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200377.

Authors

Arief R. Affandi
arieftmin@gmail.com (Primary Contact)
Nuri Andarwulan
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
AffandiA. R., AndarwulanN., & HariyadiP. (2017). PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU GLISEROLISIS TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA MONO-DIASILGLISEROL PADA SKALA PILOT PLANT. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan, 28(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2017.28.2.159
Copyright and license info is not available

Article Details