POLA PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN EVALUASI PEMANFAATAN RUANG DI KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
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Accepted
21 February 2017
Published
1 December 2016
Abstract
Perkembangan sosial ekonomi wilayah yang dinamis memberikan dampak terhadap penggunaan lahan. Ketersediaan lahan yang tetap mengakibatkan terjadinya persaingan dalam pemanfaatan lahan, dengan konsekuensi perubahan penggunaan lahan yang semakin intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pola perubahan penggunaan lahan pada beberapa titik tahun (2001, 2008 dan 2015) di Kabupaten Banjarnegara, dan (2) mengevaluasi kesesuaian antara pemanfaatan ruang saat ini dengan alokasi ruang berdasarkan RTRW Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial pada citra dan analisis inkonsistensi alokasi pola ruang dalam RTRW dan pemanfaatan ruang. Penggunaan lahan di Kabupaten Banjarnegara tahun 2001 didominasi kebun dengan proporsi 40.018,5 ha, tegalan 28.524 ha, sawah 18.319,1 ha , hutan 10.163,8 ha, lahan terbangun 8.895,1 ha, semak belukar 7.203,4 ha, tubuh air 1.716,4 ha dan lahan terbuka 103,2 ha. Pada tahun 2008 terjadi penambahan luasan kebun 1.781,2 ha, lahan terbangun 977,5 ha, semak belukar 618,3 ha, dan tegalan sebesar 155,1 ha. Sementara itu, hutan mengalami penurunan luasan yang siginifikan sebesar 2.498 ha, diikuti oleh sawah sebesar 1.025 ha dan lahan terbuka 9 ha. Pada tahun 2015 terjadi penambahan luasan kebun sebesar 464,1 ha, lahan terbangun 1.048,1 ha, semak belukar 238,6 ha, dan tegalan 474,1 ha. Hutan mengalami penurunan sebesar 1.342,8 ha, sawah 872,8 ha dan lahan terbuka 9,2 ha. Pengaturan alokasi lahan pada pola ruang tahun 2011-2031 Kabupaten Banjarnegara menunjukkan inkonsistensi dengan peta penunjukan kawasan hutan sebesar 13.737 ha atau 11,9% dari luas wilayah. Sementara itu, kondisi penggunaan lahan tahun 2015 di Kabupaten Banjarnegara menunjukkan inkonsistensi dengan alokasi pola ruang sebesar 37.032,7 ha atau 32,1% dari luas wilayah
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[2] Arsyad, S., 2006. Konservasi Tanah dan Air. Institut Pertanian Bogor Press, Bogor.
[3] Ayala, I.A., O.E.Chavez, J.F.Parrot, 2006. Landsliding related to land-cover change: A diachronic analysis of hillslope instability distribution in the Sierra Norte, Puebla, Mexico. Catena Journal 65(2), pp. 152–165.
[4] [BNPB] Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana, 2014. Indeks Rawan Bencana Indonesia Tahun 2014. BNPB, Jakarta.
[5] [Bappeda] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, Kabu-paten Banjarnegara, 2011. Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah 2011-2031 Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Bappeda, Banjarnegara.
[6] [Baplan] Badan Planologi, Kementerian Kehutanan, 2004. Peta Penunjukan Kawasan Hutan dan Perairan. Baplan, Jakarta.
[7] [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik, 2009. Banjarnegara Dalam Angka 2009. BPS, Banjarnegara.
[8] [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik, 2014. Banjarnegara Dalam Angka 2014. BPS, Banjarnegara.
[9] Bruschi, V.M., J.Bonachea, J.Remondo, Go´mez-Aroza-mena, J.Rivas, V.Barbieri, M. Capocchi, S. Soldati, M. Cendrero, 2013. Land management versus natural factors in land instability: Some examples in Northern Spain. Environmental Management 52(2), pp. 398–416.
[10] Cruden, D.M., D.J.Varnes, 1996. Landslide types and processes. Dalam: Turner, A.K. Landslides Investigation and Mitigation. Special Report. National Academy Press. pp. 36–75.
[11] Dikau, R., D.Brunsden, L.Schrott, M.Ibsen, 1996. Landslide Recognition, Identification, Movement and Causes. Chichester, Wiley.
[12] Djajadilaga, M., H.Agustina, W. Pribadi, Harimurti, Lindawati, L.P.Gaol, 2009. Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2008. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup RI, Jakarta.
[13] [FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1995. Planning for Sustainable Use Land Resources. FAO Land and Water Bulletin 2,Rome. pp. 472
[14] Foody, G.M., 2002. Status of land cover classification accuracy assesment. Remote Sensing &Environment, 80, pp. 185–201.
[15] Glade, T., 1998. Establishing the frequency and magnitude of landslide-triggering rainstorm events in New Zealand. Environmental Geology35, pp. 160–174.
[16] Glade, T., 2003. Landslides occurence as aresponse to land use change: A review of evidence from New Zealand. Catena 51, pp. 297-314.
[17] Gokceoglu, C., H.Aksoy, 1996. Landslide susceptibility
mapping of the slopes in the residual soils of the Mengen
region (Turkey) by deterministic stability analyses and image
processing techniques. Engineering Geology 44, pp. 147–161.
[18] Haigh, M.J., J.S.Rawat, M.S. Rawat, S.K.Bartarya,
S.P. Rai, 1995. Interactions between forest and landslide activity along new highways in the KumaunHimalaya. Forest Ecology and Management78, pp. 173–189.
[19] Jakob, M., 2000. The impacts of logging on landslide activity at Clayoquot Sound British Columbia. Catena 38, pp.279–300.
[20] Jensen, R.J., 1996. Introduction Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective. 2nd ed. New Jersey (USA).
[21] Karsli, F., M.Atasoy,A.Yalcin, S.Reis, O.Demir,C.Gokceglu, 2009. Effect of land use changes on landslides in landslide-prone area Turkey. Environmental Modelling and Assesment156, pp. 241-255.
[22] Landis, J.R., G.G.Koch, 1977. The Measurement ofob-server agreement for categorical data. Biometrics33(1), pp. 159 174.
[23] Mao, Z., M.Yang, F.Bourrier,H.Thierry, T.Fourcaud, 2014. Evaluation of rootreinforcement models using numerical modelling approaches. Plant Soil 381(1), pp. 249-270.
[24] Munibah, K., 2008. Model spasial perubahan penggunaan lahan dan arahan penggunaan lahan berwawasan lingkungan (Studi Kasus DAS Cidanau, Provinsi Banten). Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
[25] Pratiwi, K., S.H.Heru, 2010. Pengolahan digital citra peng-inderaan jauh dan sistem informasi geografis untuk pemetaan lahan kritis di Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Provinsi Jawa Tengah.Jurnal Geografi6(3), pp. 20-26.
[26] Pagiola, S., 2004. Land Use Change inIndonesia. Others. Washington. [terhubung berkala]. http://econwpa.wustl. Edu/eps/othr/papers/0405/0405007.pdf.
[27] Puspita, I., 2008. Zonasi kondisi kawasan hutan negara di Kawasan Dataran Tinggi Dieng dan arah pengelolaan yang berwawasan lingkungan. Tesis. Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro.Semarang.
[28] [PVMBG] Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi, 2014. Laporan Singkat Bencana Longsor Dusun Jemblung Kabupaten Banjarnegara. PVMBG, Bandung.
[29] Trisasongko, B.H., D.R.Panuju, L.S.Iman, Harimurti, A.F.Ramly, V.Anjani, H.Subroto, 2009. Analisis Dinamika Konversi Lahan di Sekitar Jalur Tol Cikampek. Laporan Penelitian Kerjasama Pusat Penelitian Perencanaan Pengembnagan Wilayah (P4W) IPB dengan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup RI.
[30] Widiatmaka, W.Ambarwulan,M.Y.J.Purwanto,Y.Setiawan, H.Effendi, 2015. Daya dukung lingkungan berbasis kemampuan lahan di Tuban, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan22(2), pp. 247-259.
[31] Yi, J., Y.Bin,C.Jingtao,H.Jianwu, J.Gaoliao, 2010.Analysis of landslides susceptibility to different land use patterns in Enshi.Proceeding. 2ndConference on Environ-mental Science and Information Application Technology, Wuhan, China. Tanggal 17–18 Juli 2010
Authors
RamadhanR., WidiatmakaW. and SudadiU. (2016) “POLA PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN EVALUASI PEMANFAATAN RUANG DI KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 6(2), p. 159. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.6.2.159.
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