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Infection control of Aeromonas hydrophila in catfish (Clarias sp.) using mixture of meniran Phyllanthus niruri and garlic Allium sativum in feed
Corresponding Author(s) : Dinamella Wahjuningrum
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia,
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Abstract
Motile aeromonad septicaemia (MAS) is caused by the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila. The use of plant (natural materials) such as meniran and garlic can be as an alternative way to inhibit the activity of A. hydrophila by their active substances which have potency as an antibacterial and immunostimulant. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using a mixture of meniran and garlic in feed to control of A. hydrophila in catfish. There were split in two kind of doses namely, preventive (garlic:meniran=5 ppt:20 ppt) and curative (garlic:meniran=10 ppt:40 ppt). The preventive treatment was given for two weeks before challenging test. The curative treatment was performed on 2th-8th day after challenging test. Challenging test was carried out by intramuscularly injecting of 0,1 mL A. hydrophila (108cfu/ml) into the fish. The results indicated that preventive treatment with a mixture of extracts 5 ppt meniran and 20 ppt garlic was more effective in preventing infection of A. hydrophila than curative treatment.
Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri, Allium sativum, catfish, Aeromonas hydrophila.
ABSTRAK
Penyakit MAS (motile aeromonad septicaemia) disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Bahan alami seperti meniran dan bawang putih dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk menghambat aktivitas bakteri ini. Zat aktif yang dimiliki bahan ini berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan immunostimulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan campuran meniran dan bawang putih dalam pakan untuk pengendalian penyakit MAS pada ikan lele. Perlakuan dibagi menjadi dua dosis, yaitu pencegahan (bawang putih:meniran=5 ppt:20 ppt) dan pengobatan (bawang putih:meniran=10 ppt:40 ppt). Perlakuan pencegahan diberikan selama seminggu sebelum uji tantang. Perlakuan pengobatan dilakukan pada hari ke 2 hingga hari ke-8 setelah uji tantang. Uji tantang dilakukan dengan menyuntikkan secara intramuskuler 0,1 ml A. hydrophila (108cfu/ml) ke ikan lele. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pencegahan dengan campuran ekstrak meniran 5 ppt dan bawang putih 20 ppt efektif dalam mencegah infeksi A. hydrophila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pengobatan dengan campuran ekstrak meniran 10 ppt dan 40 ppt bawang putih.
Kata kunci: meniran, bawang putih, lele, Aeromonas hydrophila.
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