Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB
Gedung Andi Hakim Nasoetion Lt. 5, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Telp. 0251-8628448, 8622642 ext. 510 Fax. 0251-622986
e-mail: forum_pascasarjana@bima.ipb.ac.id
The objectives of this research are identifying factors that influence the farmer’s decision to develop human resources and analyzing the role of human resources development to the income of farmer household. Theoretical framework based on the analysis of farmer household economic using descriptive analysis and econometric using single equation. The research location at province of Yogyakarta Province that are Bantul District represent coastal area and Kulon Progo District represents mountainous area. The result of economic analysis shows factors that influence the farmer’s decision to make activity in human resources investment are farmer’s motivation, farmer’s education, amount of family members, farmer’s savings, perceptions toward human resources development and relation with organization. Investment for human resources development at coastal area is higher than at mountainous area. The income of farmers at coastal area influenced by education investment and health investment, while the income of farmers at mountainous area influenced by farmers education and family member education. The implication of this research are the government facilitate better education and health services for farmers household, in order to access finance and market organization easier, optimizing all institution at rural area.
Key words: model of farmers household economic, human resources development and income of farmer household
Shoes industry is an important sector which contributes significantly to the national and local government’s revenue and advantages to the local community to reduce unemployment and poverty. The objective of this research is to analyze local economic development of sustainable shoes industry, especially the environmental impact at Bogor. This research uses appraisal for local economic development for shoes industry analysis (ALEDIA), modification from Rapid Assessment for Local Economic Development (RALED). The result shows that the sustainability index of shoes industry at Bogor is bad/unsustainable (34.84). Its sustainability includes economy, ecology, social, institution, technology and policy aspects. Based on the strategic policy implementation, the sustainability index of shoes industry at Bogor is good/sustainable (55.82).
Farming model of the crop livestock system in the paddy field is located at Cianjur Distric. The crop livestock system is an effort to increase rice production that be integrated with livestock. The purpose of the assessment was to find out the role of cattle on the farmer income through the integrated farming system based on the technology innovations on Cianjur district. The integration pattern was the utilization of plant straws as feed and manure for fertilizer. Integrated farming system that has been introduced are paddy planting, livestock fattening, and paddy straw fermentation for food and also ecreement of livestock for organic fertilizer processing. The assessment involved livestock and 5 ha paddy planting area. The farmer consist of 2 groups ie.: 20 cooperator group (integrated system), and 10 control (non integrated). The assessment results showed that rice yield was 5.34 tons/ha of dried ground rice, an increase of 16.09% compared to those yielded by other farmers. The use of inorganic fertilizer decreased urea to 100 kg/ha (N 71.43%), SP-36 50 kg/ha (50%), KCl 50 kg/ha (50%). The average of daily weight gain was 0.89 kg/cattle daily. The income of farmers with the integrated farming system was Rp 9,417,907 for ones hectare land and 2 beef cattle with R/C ratio of 1.27. The average organic fertilizer yielded was 5 kg/cattle daily, the rice straw yielded was 13.20 tons/ha/year. The C/N ratio of composted feces was 19.03%. Total income from paddy (5 ha) and livestock (20 heads) integrated farming system about Rp 24,867,500 and Rp 60,675,333/season and provide R/C value about 1.44, meanwhile R/C value of non integrated farming system about 1.33. It means, paddy and livestock integrated farming system could increase farmer’s income about 69,45% per season compared to non integrated farming.
Key words: integration, paddy, livestock, fermentation
The government of Kutai Kartanegara Regency indicates that the problem of shrimp pond’s business production and profit has been going down and being stagnant in Muara Badak. It is caused by capital source i.e own capital, ponggawa, bank loan and government loan. And directly capital source influenced different of quantity, input and output cost. In fact, the performance of lending mechanism is inefficient. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect and capital source condition and lending mechanism of capital source to production and profit. Econometrics approach was used to solve the problem through production and profit function. OLS and IPA were applied in this research. The result of estimated parameter and perception of fish farmer related to lending mechanism were used as policy implication. The result showed that capital loan from ponggawa, bank, and government were used only as working capital and the mechanism of capital loan from ponggawa was better than the other. It was caused by easier requirement and procedure application for lending is better facility and its services, free of charge lending mechanism and relatively clearance time of credit. Production rate of fish farmer who related to ponggawa were lower than the other. However, profit rate of fish farmer who related own capital were higher than the other.
Key words: capital source effect, shrimp pond production, Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara
The objectives of this research were to identify types of communication media in delivering messages based on media preferences by the community, to identify conservation education effect to the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the community in forest resources conservation, and to identify influence factor in media effectiveness. The research was conducted in 7 villages within Kelay Subdistric and City of Tanjung Redeb for 18 monthes (November 2007 until April 2009) which managed by three phases: first phase, preparation in identification and designing media and outreach program using multi-stakeholder workshop, focus group discussion and survey methodology; second phase, implementation activities by delivering the message used various communication media; third phase, evaluation and monitoring of media effectiveness by conducting identification of influence factor and changing in knowledge, behavior and attitude of the community in forest resources conservation. The results showed that knowledge of the community about the status of the area increased by 48%, where as community knowledge about the status of Sungai Lesanes protected area increased by 60.73%. Support to the area establish in local community increased by 22.51%. Based on Likert scale, community attitude was very strong (90.78% to 94.08%), attitude of the community related to the sustainability of forest use was still high (from 73.39% to 74.70%). Changing behavior after implementation activities was happened, indicated with the communities initiative in land use planning in Sido Bangen village and initiative in arranging participative planning with villager in Merapun and Muara Lesan village. Developing communication media based on community reference that implemented in environmental education has effective effect in delivering the conservation message to the community. The effective media for rural community generally has characteristic such as visual media and entertainment (e.q. poster and song).
Key words: conservation education, forest resources, knowledge, attitude, behavior
The sustainable productivity of farmers can be realized if farmers own self relience. Farmers’s self relience can be realized if farmers own capacity to optimize self capacity and utilization of agriculture resources capacity. Through multistage cluster sampling technique, found 75 person as farmer’s sample. Research data including primary data and secondary data. Analysis of data done with correlation test, regression test and path analysis. The conclusion of this research is the self reliance level in agribusiness of food crop farmers, including the category low. The low level of self reliance of farmers in agribusiness caused by (a) the low level of capacity development needs of farmers in agribusiness, which include low development needs: productivity capacity; marketing capacity; capacity of the security business/agribusiness; capacity in group management; networking capacity and the capacity in performance improvement/progress; (b) low level of performance of agricultural extension; (c) low levels of non-formal education of farmers.
Key words: agriculture extension worker, empowerment, capacity development, self-reliance, agribusiness