<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:36pt;"><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Bacteria are microbes which have an ability to live wherever there is a life.<span>  </span>Some of the bacteria are saprophyte and some are parasitic. But most of the bacteria have not been identified or cultured; therefore the benefits are still unknown.<span>  </span>Methanogenic bacteria are one of the saprophyte bacteria. Th</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">ese</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> bacteria produces methane, a biogas as an alternative fuel in the future.<span>  </span>Most of methanogenic bacteria are uncultured, however a few of them are found in the s</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">e</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">wage of coconut water.<span>  </span>The objectives of this research are to isolate, characterize and identify the methanogenic bacteria that lived in coconut water.<span>  </span>The method of this research was fermentation, analysis characterization</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">,</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> and identification of methanogenic bacteria. First, methanogenic bacteria were isolated from coconut water by fermentation.<span>  </span>The samples were from four places in Minahasa, which are Rasi (I), Koka (II), Amurang (III)</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">,</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> and Lola (IV) and one place in Bogor (V). Secondly, the methane produced from fermentation was analysed by </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">g</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">as </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">c</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">hromatography and the bacteria can be characterized by Bergey’s method. The next step is the identification which was conducted by isolating<span>  </span>the DNA, amplifying the DNA by PCR, then sequencing the DNA with BioEdit Sequence Aligment.<span>  </span>As the result, high and stable<span>  </span>methane was produced in Rasi (I) and Amurang (III). The characteristic of the bacteria are </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">r</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ed </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">c</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">olony (M) and </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">w</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">hite </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">c</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">olony (P). The shape of the colonies is circles, </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">g</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ram positive, basil shape, mesofile, positive of catalase and citrate, positive of sugar fermentation, gelatin, casein and starch hydrolysis also lived in Nutrient Broth with pH 5.7</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">-</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">6.8</span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;">. </span></em><em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"><span> </span>The sequencing of isolate P resulting in nucleotide<span>  </span>composition of G 31.25%, C 20.58%, A 27.11% and T 21.04%<span>  </span>while isolate M are<span>   </span>G 31.34%, C 20.31%, A 27.02% and T 21.32%.<span>  </span>The identification of isolate M is equal with </span></em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Clostridium tyrobutyricum<em> (100 %) and isolate P is very close with </em>Clostridium tyrobutyricum<em> (99 %).</em> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> </span></p> <em><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Key words: </span><span style="font-size:10pt;">b</span><span style="font-size:10pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">acteria, methane, coconut water</span></em>

  • Ardi Kapahang
  • Maria Bintang
  • D.D. Sastraatmadja
  • Dedy Duryadi Solichin

Abstract

Bacteria are microbes which have an ability to live wherever there is a life.  Some of the bacteria are saprophyte and some are parasitic. But most of the bacteria have not been identified or cultured; therefore the benefits are still unknown.  Methanogenic bacteria are one of the saprophyte bacteria. These bacteria produces methane, a biogas as an alternative fuel in the future.  Most of methanogenic bacteria are uncultured, however a few of them are found in the sewage of coconut water.  The objectives of this research are to isolate, characterize and identify the methanogenic bacteria that lived in coconut water.  The method of this research was fermentation, analysis characterization, and identification of methanogenic bacteria. First, methanogenic bacteria were isolated from coconut water by fermentation.  The samples were from four places in Minahasa, which are Rasi (I), Koka (II), Amurang (III), and Lola (IV) and one place in Bogor (V). Secondly, the methane produced from fermentation was analysed by gas chromatography and the bacteria can be characterized by Bergey’s method. The next step is the identification which was conducted by isolating  the DNA, amplifying the DNA by PCR, then sequencing the DNA with BioEdit Sequence Aligment.  As the result, high and stable  methane was produced in Rasi (I) and Amurang (III). The characteristic of the bacteria are red colony (M) and white colony (P). The shape of the colonies is circles, gram positive, basil shape, mesofile, positive of catalase and citrate, positive of sugar fermentation, gelatin, casein and starch hydrolysis also lived in Nutrient Broth with pH 5.7-6.8.  The sequencing of isolate P resulting in nucleotide  composition of G 31.25%, C 20.58%, A 27.11% and T 21.04%  while isolate M are   G 31.34%, C 20.31%, A 27.02% and T 21.32%.  The identification of isolate M is equal with Clostridium tyrobutyricum (100 %) and isolate P is very close with Clostridium tyrobutyricum (99 %).

 

Key words: bacteria, methane, coconut water

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Author Biographies

Ardi Kapahang
Bagian dari disertasi penulis pertama, Program Studi Biologi, Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB
Maria Bintang
Berturut-turut Ketua dan Anggota Komisi Pembimbing
D.D. Sastraatmadja
Berturut-turut Ketua dan Anggota Komisi Pembimbing
Dedy Duryadi Solichin
Berturut-turut Ketua dan Anggota Komisi Pembimbing